JHSS (Journal of Humanities and Social Studies)
JHSS (JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL STUDIES) Published by Universitas Pakuan JHSS (JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL STUDIES) starting in 2025 migrates to better secure from various unwanted things, including journal hacking and so on. To submit, the author please visit the new website page of our journal at the link https://jhss-lppmunpak.id Welcome to Journal of Humanities and Social Studies, ACCREDITED by SINTA 3. Journal of Humanities and Social Studies is a journal that publishes scientific papers in the field of humanities and social studies. This Journal, run by Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat, Universitas Pakuan, Bogor. The Journal provides opportunities for scholars to submit papers in humanities and social studies, and also management policies related to education, teaching, and learning fields which will be published online. The internet connection will add to the richness of information and scientific knowledge derived mainly from research. This journal is published three times a year, well documented in the form of books, which include a variety of humanities and social studies papers by writers of various backgrounds. In addition, we also have partners from local editor who graduated as profesor from some university who will review each article before publication. Each article or paper published in this Journal will definitely be useful to all visitors and readers. Articles submitted to this journal will be reviewed by reviewers before publication by double blind-review. e-ISSN: 2598-120X and p-ISSN : 2598-117X
Strengthening MSMEs' Online Branding Through Social Media Marketing Training Programs
Digital transformation has driven significant changes in the marketing strategies of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), particularly through the use of social media as a means of strengthening online branding. However, many MSMEs still face obstacles in the form of limited conceptual understanding of digital branding, low content production capabilities, and less than optimal utilization of social media marketing features. These conditions have an impact on weak brand visibility and competitiveness of MSMEs in the digital market. This study aims to analyze the role and contribution of social media marketing training programs in strengthening MSMEs' online branding from the perspective of business actors' experiences and perceptions. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytical approach. The research subjects consisted of MSMEs who participated in the social media marketing training program. Data collection techniques were carried out through in-depth interviews, observation of digital marketing activities on MSMEs' social media accounts, and documentation of training materials and results. Data analysis was conducted thematically through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions to identify patterns of change in understanding, branding strategies, and digital marketing practices after the training. The results of the study indicate that the social media marketing training program contributed positively to increasing MSMEs' awareness of the importance of digital brand identity, visual consistency and brand messaging, and the ability to create more strategic and audience-oriented content. In addition, the training encouraged a change in MSMEs' attitudes from conventional marketing to a more adaptive and sustainable digital approach. This study confirms that social media marketing training is a strategic instrument in strengthening MSMEs' online branding and increasing their readiness to face digital economic competition.
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Islamic Marketing in the Digital Age: Balancing Ethical Values and Market Competitiveness
This study aims to comprehensively analyze the application of Islamic ethical values in marketing practices within the digital era and explore how these principles can be balanced with the demands of global market competitiveness. The digital era has fundamentally transformed marketing paradigms, creating vast opportunities for strengthening the Islamic economy while simultaneously raising ethical challenges such as algorithmic manipulation, consumer exploitation, and the commercialization of religious symbols. Using a qualitative, library-based research approach, this study examines Islamic marketing theories, Islamic business ethics, and recent empirical studies related to the digital transformation of halal marketing. The findings reveal that Islamic marketing holds strategic potential as a sustainable business paradigm that integrates spirituality, justice, and social responsibility. This research introduces the Ethical–Competitive Balance Model, which emphasizes that the equilibrium between moral values and digital innovation is the key to successful Islamic marketing in the modern era. Theoretically, this model expands the conceptual framework of Islamic marketing by integrating maqashid shariah ethics and competitive advantage theory. Practically, the study asserts that Sharia-based values such as honesty (sidq), trustworthiness (amanah), and justice (adl) can serve as sources of sustainable competitive advantage when aligned with innovative and ethical digital strategies. Furthermore, the study provides policy implications for Islamic economic regulators in designing Islamic digital ethics regulations that foster a fair and sustainable global halal business ecosystem.
The Development Model Of School Well-Being In Shaping Student Creativity At SDS IT Zahra Asy Syifa
Every child has creative talents. Islam views creativity as a gift from Allah SWT given to every human being. Through education as an important foundation for individual development, educational institutions in Indonesia are encouraged to formulate curricula and learning methods where all students have the opportunity to acquire knowledge and skills, shape attitudes, personalities, and critical thinking skills. In realizing the potential of children or students to be creative, there are several factors that influence creativity, including stimulation, environment, life experiences, and personality. Two of these three factors are part of School Well-Being. The purpose of this study is to examine the aspects of Having, Loving, Health, and Being that are most dominant in school well-being and capable of shaping student creativity. The study was conducted on 221 students, who filled out a school well-being scale and took a figural creativity test. The data was processed using the Smart-PLS SEM program. The results of the study show that: (1) There is a significant effect of Having on creativity. (2) There is an effect of Loving on student creativity, but the effect is not significant. (3) There is an effect of Health on student creativity, and the effect is significant. (4) There is an effect of Being on the creativity of students at SDS IT Zahra Asy Syifa, and the effect is significant. The magnitude of the influence of having on creativity is 28%, the influence of loving on creativity is 9.3%, the influence of health on creativity is 13.1%, and the influence of being on creativity is 28%. The novelty of this study lies in the low level of loving at SDS IT Zahra Asy Syifa. Students feel that teachers and students, as well as students themselves, still do not pay attention to each other.
The Influence Of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) On Profitability With Company Size As A Control Variable (Study On Banking Sector Companies On The IDX 2019-2023)
An analysis of the influence of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on profitability was conducted on the banking sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2019–2023 period. A quantitative method with descriptive statistics was employed to process data from 19 banking institutions that met the sampling criteria. The level of CSR disclosure was used as an indicator of social responsibility, while profitability was measured using relevant financial ratios. The results indicate that CSR has no significant effect on the profitability of the banking sector throughout the observation period. These findings suggest that CSR activities within the banking industry contribute more to non-financial aspects, whereas their direct impact on financial performance remains unobserved
The Influence Of Third-Party Funds (Dpk) And Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) In Mediating The Impact Of Expansionary Fiscal Policy On The Liquidity Of Islamic Banking
This study examines the effect of expansionary fiscal policy on the liquidity of Islamic banks by using Third-Party Funds (DPK) and the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) as intervening variables. Using a quantitative approach based on secondary data from Islamic banks’ financial statements and OJK statistics for the period from January 2022 to December 2024, this study employs multiple linear regression analysis and path analysis to assess both direct and indirect effects. The findings indicate that the regression model used is significant with an R² value of 0.511, where DPK (β = 0.438; p = 0.004) and CAR (β = 0.379; p = 0.013) show a positive effect on liquidity, and the results of the simultaneous test also confirm that expansionary fiscal policy has a significant influence. These results affirm that fiscal policy not only contributes directly to liquidity but also does so through Islamic financial intermediaries as the main channel in the transmission process. In practical terms, these findings reinforce the importance of coordination between government fiscal policy and Islamic banks’ management strategies to improve fund mobilization and strengthen capital, while also providing empirical evidence supporting the relevance of Keynesian theory in maintaining the stability of the Islamic banking sector in Indonesia.
Realizing Learning Equity In The 21st Century: A Literature Review On The Implementation Of Differentiated Learning In Elementary Schools
The 21st century demands an education system that is able to guarantee learning fairness for all students. This article presents a literature review on the implementation of differentiated learning in elementary schools as a strategy to realize learning equity in the midst of student diversity. Through the analysis of various scientific sources, it was found that differentiated learning is not only adjusting learning styles and abilities, but also a means of building an inclusive, adaptive, and equitable learning environment. Teachers act as learning architects who design learning experiences according to the individual needs of students so that they can develop 21st century competencies, such as critical thinking, collaboration, communication, and creativity. This study emphasizes that learning equity does not mean providing the same thing, but providing equal opportunities for every child to grow and succeed.
Comparative Analysis Of Health Law Between Indonesia And Malaysia Regarding Reporting Of Patient Safety Incidents In Hospitals
Patient safety incidents are unintentional events, an incident that can allow injuries that could have been avoided. When a patient safety incident occurs in a health facility, especially a hospital, a patient safety incident report must be made as a lesson so that it does not happen again in the future. Both Indonesia and Malaysia certainly have their own regulations in reporting patient safety incidents. So the purpose of this study is to find similarities and differences in reporting patient safety incidents in Indonesia and Malaysia. This type of research is a normative legal research with a comparative legal method approach and normative analysis. Legal sources obtained through secondary data through primary, secondary and tertiary legal sources. For the data validity technique, the data source triangulation technique is used, for data analysis techniques, secondary data is collected from primary sources and secondary sources, then the researcher studies and makes a summary. Based on the analysis, it can be concluded that there are similarities and differences regarding reporting of patient safety incidents in hospitals in Indonesia and hospitals in Malaysia. The author suggests that the Indonesian government should conduct a judicial review regarding the reporting of patient safety incidents in hospitals in a simpler way. For the hospital, it should always submit a report when a patient safety incident occurs so that it can be used as a lesson and not happen again in the future.
Strengthening Logistics Defense and Digital Technology to Optimize Humanitarian Operation Support in Indonesia
This research discusses the strategy of strengthening defense logistics through the use of digital technology in supporting humanitarian operations by the Indonesian Military. Background departs from the fact that defense logistics so far is often understood to be limited to technical functions, even though it has a strategic role in maintaining national resilience. The focus of research is directed at multidimensional barriers, which include overlapping regulations, separatist threats, limited resources, low public participation, weak information literacy, and infrastructure constraints and geographical conditions of the island. The research method uses a qualitative approach with PMESII frame combined with data analysis through NVIVO 12. The results show the need for defense logistics transformation into a strategic system based on digital technology with a risk management approach that emphasizes aspects of planning, distribution, transportation, efficiency, and effectiveness through the support of information systems, satellite technology and UAVs, and geographical mapping. This finding confirms that the transformation of digital technology can improve efficiency, transparency, and responsiveness while strengthening legitimacy and public trust. Further research is advised to test the effectiveness of the Digital Technology Based Defense Logistics Model through empirical case studies and disaster scenario simulations and conflicts in Indonesia.
How Organizational Commitment Explains The Effect Of Leadership And Work Quality On Organizational Citizenship Behavior
Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) is an important factor that supports the effectiveness and well-being of a company, especially in the hospitality industry which relies heavily on employees' extra contributions. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence Organizational Citizenship Behavior among employees of Kiyana Hotel in one chain, focusing on the influence of Transformational Leadership and Quality of Work Life as well as the mediating role of Organizational Commitment. This study uses a quantitative approach with a probability sampling method through a census sampling technique. The data collection instrument used a questionnaire with a Likert scale. The study population was all employees totaling 43 respondents. The study sample consisted of 35 employees of Kiyana Premiere Hotel Batang and 8 employees of Kiyana Resort Dieng as respondents. Data analysis was conducted using SEM-PLS to test the relationship between variables simultaneously. The results of the study show: Transformational Leadership and Quality of Work Life have a positive and significant effect on Organizational Citizenship Behavior; Transformational Leadership and Quality of Work Life have a positive and significant effect on Organizational Commitment; Organizational Commitment has a positive and significant effect on Organizational Citizenship Behavior; Organizational Commitment mediates Transformational Leadership and Quality of Work Life on Organizational Citizenship Behavior; These findings underscore the importance of inspiring leaders and a work environment that supports employees' quality of life in building high levels of commitment, ultimately encouraging extracurricular behaviors that benefit the company. This research offers practical implications for hotel management in designing leadership strategies and improving work quality to enhance overall employee contribution.
The Marketing Model of the Prophet Muhammad SAW: A Reflective-Thematic Analysis of the Ethical and Sustainable Paradigm in Islamic Business
This research aims to construct a marketing model based on the prophetic values ​​of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) as an alternative to the modern marketing paradigm, which often lacks moral and spiritual dimensions. Using a Reflective-Thematic Analysis (RTA) approach, this research explores and interprets ethical values ​​in the sirah (religious texts) and hadith (traditions), and relates them to contemporary marketing theory and sustainability principles. The analysis identified four main themes that form the framework of the Prophetic Marketing Model: ṣidq (honesty), amanah (responsibility and trustworthiness), ‘adl (justice), and rahmah (compassion and sustainability). These four values ​​form an interconnected ethical system and serve as a moral foundation for business practices oriented toward spiritual, social, and ecological balance. This model asserts that honesty builds market trust, amanah fosters social responsibility and spiritual accountability, justice upholds economic balance, and rahmah directs business activities toward sustainability that empathizes with humans and nature. The integration of these four values ​​demonstrates the strong relevance of Islamic ethics in responding to the challenges of modern marketing, which is fraught with moral crises and market manipulation. This research contributes to expanding the academic discourse on Islamic marketing by offering a conceptual framework that combines spirituality, ethics, and sustainability into one integral paradigm. Furthermore, this research recommends further empirical exploration to test the applicability of this prophetic model in the context of digital marketing, the halal industry, and cross-cultural business practices. Thus, the Prophetic Marketing Model is expected to serve as a conceptual basis for developing more ethical, inclusive, and sustainable global business strategies.
Analysis of BSI Regional Medan Branch Employee Recruitment Standards in Improving the Quality of Prime Services
This study is motivated by the importance of standardizing employee recruitment to enhance service quality excellence at Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) KC Regional Medan. In the context of Islamic banking, human resource competence plays a crucial role in ensuring the alignment between professional skills and Islamic values. The purpose of this research is to identify and prioritize the key criteria and sub-criteria influencing employee selection decisions at BSI through a structured quantitative approach. The research employed the Analytic Network Process (ANP) method, combined with in-depth interviews with the HRD department of BSI KC Regional Medan, to obtain an empirical understanding of competency priorities in the recruitment process. The analysis focuses on five main criteria—work ability, work experience, communication skills, problem-solving ability, and personality—along with their respective sub-criteria. The results revealed that work ability (0.94) emerged as the most dominant criterion, followed by work experience (0.40), communication skills (0.18), problem-solving ability (0.09), and personality (0.04). The highest sub-criteria weights were technical ability (0.13), experience in the same industry (0.13), verbal communication (0.12), problem analysis ability (0.12), and positive personality (0.06). The Consistency Ratio (CR) for most criteria exceeded 0.10, indicating variations in assessment due to the interdependence of evaluation factors. Overall, the findings emphasize that BSI KC Regional Medan prioritizes technical competence and industry experience as the main determinants in employee recruitment, while also highlighting the importance of integrity, effective communication, and Islamic personality values. This study contributes to the development of a competency-based and Islamic values–driven recruitment model that can serve as a reference for other Islamic banking institutions.
Analysis Of Islamic Values In The Inai Burdah Dance (Integration Of Religion And Culture In The Wedding Ceremony Of The Malay Community In Kualuh Leidong Subdistrict, North Labuhan Batu Regency)
The Inai Burdah dance is a Malay cultural tradition with religious significance. This research aims to analyze the Islamic values contained in the Inai Burdah dance and understand how the integration of religion and culture is manifested in the wedding ceremony of the Malay community in Kualuh Leidong District. The method used is a descriptive qualitative approach through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results show that the Inai Burdah dance contains Islamic values such as politeness, honesty, tolerance, discipline, hard work, and movement, as well as the structure of the ceremony. Previous research by Yunia Permadani Putri Efendi (2019) on Bordah music highlights its role in cultural identity, but does not examine Islamic values. This research analyzes the Islamic values in the Inai Burdah dance in Kualuh Leidong District. The strength of this research is its in-depth analysis, but its limitation is the limited sample size, making the results less generalizable. This tradition is a real manifestation of the acculturation between local culture and Islamic teachings.
Analysis Of Mudharabah And Musyarakah Financing By Islamic Banks For The Development Of Small And Medium Enterprises In Deli Serdang
This study aims to analyze the role of Islamic financing through mudharabah and musyarakah contracts provided by Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) in the development of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Deli Serdang Regency. Profit-sharing financing is considered an alternative solution in the Islamic financial system that not only prioritizes financial aspects but also fairness and partnership between banks and customers. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with in-depth interviews with BSI and several MSME recipients of financing. The data were analyzed narratively and linked to contemporary theories over the last five years (2019–2024). The results show that the majority of MSME players have a fairly good understanding of Islamic financing as a profit-sharing and riba-free funding system. The main factors driving the choice of Islamic financing are religious values, the fairness of the profit-sharing system, and social support. The type of contract chosen is tailored to business needs, with Mudharabah chosen by customers who need full capital from the bank, while Musyarakah is used by actors who have joint capital contributions. Sharia financing has been proven to have a positive impact on business development, particularly in terms of increasing capital, turnover, and production capacity. However, the challenges faced include lengthy administrative procedures and limited financing ceilings. Overall, sharia financing is considered capable of becoming an instrument of equitable economic empowerment that is in accordance with sharia principles, with the proviso that there is a need to improve services, assistance, and ongoing education for MSME players.
Building Career Adaptability: The Impact Of Optimism And Career Aspirations Among New Employees In Semarang
This study aims to determine the influence of optimism and career aspirations on career adaptability in new employees in Semarang City. Optimism in this study is understood as an individual's belief that positive things will happen in the future, so that individuals have hope and readiness to face challenges. Career aspirations refer to the goals, plans, and career directions that individuals want to achieve. Career adaptability is an individual's ability to adjust and respond to demands and changes in the work environment. The population in this study were new employees in various job sectors, with a sample of 116 respondents obtained through a purposive sampling technique. The measuring instruments used included the Optimism Scale, Career Aspiration Scale, and Career Adaptability Scale that had met the criteria for validity and reliability, and data analysis was carried out using multiple linear regression. The results of the study showed that optimism had a positive and significant effect on career adaptability with a regression coefficient of 1.531, t-value = 6.851, and p = 0.000 (p < 0.05). Career aspirations also had a positive and significant effect with a regression coefficient of 0.265, t-value = 3.731, and p = 0.000 (p < 0.05). The simultaneous test showed a calculated F value of 36.485 with p = 0.000 (p < 0.05) so that both variables together had a significant effect on career adaptability. This finding confirms that optimism and career aspirations provide an effective contribution to increasing career adaptability, with optimism being the most dominant variable.
A Comparative Analysis Of The Responsibilities Of Directors And Commissioners In Indonesian And Thai Company Law: A Perspective On The Protection Of Shareholders And Creditors
Unlawful acts constitute one of the fundamental institutions in civil law, serving as the basis of liability for any party that causes damage to another outside a contractual relationship. This concept plays a strategic role in providing legal protection, maintaining a balance of interests, and realizing justice in civil relationships. This study aims to analyze the regulation of unlawful acts in civil law in Indonesia and Thailand, as well as to examine examples of the legal consequences arising from such acts in practice. The research method employed is normative legal research using a statutory approach and a comparative law approach. Legal materials were obtained through library research on legislation, legal doctrines, jurisprudence, and relevant scientific journals. The results indicate that Indonesia regulates unlawful acts in a general manner through Article 1365 of the Indonesian Civil Code, the development of which is strongly influenced by legal doctrine and jurisprudence, thereby providing flexibility in the enforcement of substantive justice. Meanwhile, Thailand regulates unlawful acts more systematically under the Thai Civil and Commercial Code, with an emphasis on elements of fault, causal relationship, and proof of damage, resulting in a higher degree of legal certainty. These regulatory differences have implications for variations in determining legal consequences and compensation in judicial practice in each country. Keywords: unlawful acts; civil law; comparative law.
The Implementation of Article 7 of the Palermo Protocol in Law Number 21 of 2007: An Analysis of the Compatibility of International Legal Norms with the Protection of Victims of Human Trafficking in Indonesia
Human trafficking constitutes a form of transnational organized crime that results in serious violations of human rights and places victims in highly vulnerable positions, both physically, psychologically, and legally. Within the framework of international law, the Palermo Protocol serves as the principal legal instrument that promotes a victim-centered approach, one of which is reflected in Article 7, which regulates the protection of victims’ legal status, including the possibility of granting temporary or permanent residence permits in the receiving State. As a State Party, Indonesia has adopted this commitment through Law Number 21 of 2007 on the Eradication of the Crime of Human Trafficking. This article aims to analyze the regulation of victim protection under Article 7 of the Palermo Protocol, examine its implementation within Law Number 21 of 2007, and identify normative gaps between international law and national law in the protection of victims of human trafficking. This research employs a normative juridical method using statutory and conceptual approaches by examining international legal instruments, national legislation, and relevant legal literature. The findings indicate that Law Number 21 of 2007 has generally adopted the principles of victim protection; however, it has not explicitly regulated the protection of victims’ legal status as mandated by Article 7 of the Palermo Protocol. This normative gap potentially results in legal uncertainty and increases the risk of secondary victimization of victims of human trafficking. Therefore, regulatory harmonization is necessary to strengthen victim protection based on human rights principles and in accordance with international legal standards.
Destination Branding Of Ntobo Sub-District In Building A Brand Image As A Bima Weaving Village
Ntobo sub-district has cultural potential, namely grandfathers who have passed down from generation to generation. Amidst competition between cultural tourism destinations, destination branding efforts to build a brand image for Ntobo Village are important so that it can be known as a typical Bima Weaving Village that has cultural and economic value. This study aims to further analyze the destination branding process of Ntobo Village in building a brand image as a typical Bima weaving village. Also to analyze public perception of the image of Ntobo Village as a Weaving Village. This research uses a qualitative method with a case study approach to explore the branding process of Ntobo Village in building a brand image through traditional woven cloth crafts typical of Bima, West Nusa Tenggara. The research was conducted offline in Ntobo Village and involved in-depth interviews with business owners, craftsmen, government officials, as well as visitors and local residents as informants. Data was collected through observation, interviews, and documentation for 1 month. Data validation istested using triangulation techniques of sources, techniques, and theories to test the validity of the data. Destination branding in Ntobo Village iscarried out to strengthen the cultural identity contained therein, as has been done by the local community, namely branding Ntobo Village as a Weaving Village with a promotional strategy through social media platforms and participating in cultural festivals organized by the local government. This is to introduce the cultural heritage in Bima, West Nusa Tenggara to the wider public. The branding carried out was able to create a positive perception from the wider community, both from local and international tourists. The branding strategy implemented can significantly help improve the economy of the local community. Local government involvement can assist operations in developing tourist destinations
Development Of A Jember Local Wisdom Based E-Lkpd Using Articulate Storyline 3 To Improve Elementary Students’ Numeracy Literacy Skills
This study aims to develop an Electronic Student Worksheet (E-LKPD) based on Jember local wisdom using Articulate Storyline 3 to improve elementary students’ numeracy literacy skills. The development followed the ADDIE model, which includes the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The research subjects consisted of media experts, material experts, language experts, teachers, and fourth-grade students of SDN Mojosari 03, who were assigned to experimental and control classes. Data collection instruments included validation questionnaires, observations, interviews, as well as pretest and posttest numeracy literacy assessments. The results indicate that the developed E-LKPD meets the criteria of being highly valid, practical, and effective. Its effectiveness is demonstrated by the independent sample t-test, which shows a significant difference between the experimental and control classes (sig. 0.000 < 0.05), as well as the N-gain score of 81.75% in the experimental class, categorized as highly effective, compared to 28.33% in the control class, categorized as less effective. Thus, the Jember local wisdom–based E-LKPD is proven to enhance students’ numeracy literacy skills
Development Of Smart M3d Media (Simulated Media Augmented Reality Technology Mathematics 3 Dimensions) To Improve Creative Thinking In Elementary Schools
. Creative thinking skills are essential for students because they can help them find innovative solutions in facing various challenges and problems that arise due to technological advances and their readiness in 21st century skills. This study aims to develop SMART M3D learning media to improve students' creative thinking skills in the fifth grade elementary school spatial structure material. The development model used is Lee & Owens. The validity test results show that the media meets the very valid category, with scores: media experts 90%, material experts 93%, and learning experts 94.6%. Thus, SMART M3D media is declared suitable for use in learning activities. This AR-based learning media is also considered very practical to use in the learning process. This is evidenced by the results of the teacher response questionnaire with a score of 98% and the student response questionnaire which obtained a score of 95%, both of which are included in the very practical category. Analysis of the results of the pre-test and post-test of creative thinking skills in the experimental class shows an increase in each indicator of creative thinking. The average pre-test score was 52.25 (quite creative category), increasing in the post-test to 69.25 (creative category).
Legal Liability of Healthcare Professionals and Legal Protection of Patients’ Rights and Obligations in the Provision of Healthcare Services
Health is a fundamental human right guaranteed by the Constitution; therefore, the state is obliged to provide health services that are of high quality, safe, and equitable. However, many patients still lack an understanding of their rights and obligations, while health professionals face challenges in fulfilling their legal responsibilities. This study aims to analyze the legal liability of health professionals in relation to the fulfillment of patients’ rights and obligations, as well as the forms of legal protection within health services. The method employed is normative juridical research using statutory and conceptual approaches. The results indicate that health professionals bear civil, criminal, and administrative legal responsibilities, while legal protection for patients encompasses both preventive and repressive aspects. This study contributes to strengthening scholarship in health law and provides input for policymakers and health institutions in improving the quality of health services.
Strengthening Religious Moderation Through Islamic Religious Education: The Role Of Islamic Religious Education Teachers For Generation Z
Strengthening religious moderation is a national strategic agenda in responding to the reality of religious, cultural, and social identity pluralism in Indonesia. Islamic Religious Education (IRE) plays an important role in internalizing the values of religious moderation, particularly among Generation Z, who grow up in a digital ecosystem characterized by openness and critical thinking, yet remain vulnerable to exclusive and radical religious narratives. This article aims to systematically examine scholarly literature related to strengthening religious moderation through Islamic Religious Education, focusing on the concept of religious moderation, the characteristics of Generation Z and their challenges, the strategic role of Islamic Religious Education teachers, as well as concrete forms and strategies for implementing religious moderation in educational environments. This study employs a qualitative approach using a library research method, analyzing accredited national journal articles indexed in SINTA, reputable international journals, as well as relevant books and official policy documents. Data analysis was conducted using content analysis techniques, including data reduction, thematic categorization, synthesis, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that Islamic Religious Education teachers play a strategic role as educators of moderation values, role models (qudwah hasanah), facilitators of dialogue across differences, and agents of education-based deradicalization. Effective strengthening of religious moderation requires the integration of teacher exemplarity, value habituation, innovative pedagogical approaches, the wise use of digital technology, and continuous professional capacity development. This article is expected to contribute both theoretically and practically to the development of Islamic Religious Education oriented toward the formation of a moderate, tolerant, and civilized Muslim generation.
Utilization Of Artificial Intelligence In Personalizing Islamic Religious Education Materials For Generation Alpha
The background of this study is rooted in the paradigm shift of education in the digital era, in which Generation Alpha (children born between 2010 and 2025) has emerged as a group of pure digital natives with unique cognitive characteristics and learning behaviors. In the context of Islamic Religious Education (IRE), a major challenge lies in the mismatch between conventional, classical, and static teaching methods and the needs of Generation Alpha, who expect learning experiences that are personal, interactive, and instant. Therefore, the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology is considered an urgent necessity to bridge this gap through more adaptive personalization of instructional materials. The main objective of this study is to explore the potential and mechanisms of utilizing AI in personalizing Islamic Religious Education materials for Generation Alpha students. This research examines how intelligent algorithms can map individual students’ needs and provide religious content that aligns with their learning profiles. The focus of the analysis is directed at three main aspects: adaptability of cognitive content, the use of virtual assistants in independent learning, and the role of data analytics in monitoring individual spiritual development and understanding of Islamic legal principles. This study employs a descriptive qualitative method with a library research approach. An in-depth analysis was conducted on various scientific literature, educational technology journals, and relevant Islamic education curriculum documents to synthesize a conceptual framework. Data were collected through searches of global and national academic databases using keywords related to AI, personalized learning, and the characteristics of Generation Alpha. Content analysis was critically applied to evaluate the effectiveness and psychological impacts of AI utilization in religious education settings. The results indicate that the use of AI through adaptive learning systems can create unique learning paths for each student, enabling more optimal mastery of materials such as tajwid, Qur’anic memorization, and prophetic biography according to individual learning pace. AI has been proven to enhance student engagement through instant feedback and more attractive material visualization. However, this study also identifies serious risks related to digital dependency and the potential erosion of teachers’ authority as moral role models (uswah hasanah) if the technology is not managed within an appropriate Islamic ethical framework. The conclusion emphasizes that AI is a highly transformative instrument for the future of Islamic Religious Education, yet it cannot stand alone as a substitute for educators. The most effective strategy is collaboration between artificial intelligence in cognitive-technical aspects and teachers’ roles in affective-spiritual guidance. It is recommended that curriculum developers and Islamic education practitioners begin adopting AI literacy to ensure that the personalization of religious materials remains within the corridor of sound Islamic creed and authentic values of akhlakul karimah for Generation Alpha
Implementasi Strategic in Public Sector, Studi case Parlement
The implementation of strategy in the public sector has become an important issue due to increasing demands for accountability, transparency, and performance of local government institutions. The Regional People’s Representative Council (DPRD), as a local legislative body, plays a strategic role in legislation, budgeting, and oversight functions. This article aims to analyze strategy implementation in the public sector with a focus on district-level DPRDs in West Sumatra through a literature review approach. The method employed is a narrative literature review of scientific journals, academic books, and policy documents relevant to public sector strategic management and DPRD institutional frameworks in Indonesia. The findings indicate that the success of DPRD strategy implementation is influenced by political leadership, institutional capacity, the quality of human resources, and local political dynamics. This study is expected to contribute conceptually to the development of strategic management in DPRDs and serve as a reference for future research.
Influence Business Intelligence and Market Attractiveness to Green Performance with Green Commitment as Variables Mediation at MSME Coffee Shops in DKI Jakarta
Study This aim For analyze influence Business Intelligence and Market Attractiveness to Green Performance with Green Commitment as variables mediation in MSME coffee shops in DKI Jakarta. Research This use approach quantitative with method survey against 250 MSME actors . The data analysis technique used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on Partial Least Square (PLS) with SmartPLS software assistance . Research results show that Business Intelligence and Market Attractiveness influential significant to Green Commitment , which in turn impact significant to Green Performance . In addition , Green Commitment proven mediate in a way significant connection between Business Intelligence and Market Attractiveness to Green Performance Research This emphasize importance strengthening system friendly market information and orientation environment in increase performance Green UMKM coffee shop in the era of sustainability
Comparative Analysis Of Unlawful Act Regulations In Indonesia And Thailand
Unlawful acts constitute one of the fundamental institutions in civil law, serving as the basis of liability for any party that causes damage to another outside a contractual relationship. This concept plays a strategic role in providing legal protection, maintaining a balance of interests, and realizing justice in civil relationships. This study aims to analyze the regulation of unlawful acts in civil law in Indonesia and Thailand, as well as to examine examples of the legal consequences arising from such acts in practice. The research method employed is normative legal research using a statutory approach and a comparative law approach. Legal materials were obtained through library research on legislation, legal doctrines, jurisprudence, and relevant scientific journals. The results indicate that Indonesia regulates unlawful acts in a general manner through Article 1365 of the Indonesian Civil Code, the development of which is strongly influenced by legal doctrine and jurisprudence, thereby providing flexibility in the enforcement of substantive justice. Meanwhile, Thailand regulates unlawful acts more systematically under the Thai Civil and Commercial Code, with an emphasis on elements of fault, causal relationship, and proof of damage, resulting in a higher degree of legal certainty. These regulatory differences have implications for variations in determining legal consequences and compensation in judicial practice in each country.
The Effect Of The Problem-Based Learning Model On Eighth-Grade Students’ Reading Comprehension Of Explanatory Texts
This study aims to determine the effect of the Problem Based Learning model on students' reading comprehension of explanatory texts in grade VIII at SMP Negeri 7 Jember. This research employed a quantitative approach using a quasi-experimental design with a pretest and posttest structure. The sample consisted of three classes, each comprising 30 students. The instrument used was a reading comprehension test administered before and after the learning treatment. Data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk normality test and paired samples t-test to identify differences between pretest and posttest scores. The results showed a significant increase in posttest scores across all classes, with significance values less than 0,05. These findings indicate that the Problem Based Learning model has a positive impact on students' reading comprehension of explanatory texts. Problem based learning encourages students to actively engage in reading activities, understand the structure of the text, and identify key information. Therefore, the PBL model can be considered an effective instructional approach for improving students' reading comprehension abilities at the junior high school level.
The Impact Of Military Personnel Involvement in Civilian Positions in the Reform Era: A Review of The Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) Law
After the birth of the reform era, the political conditions of the Indonesian state experienced quite big changes, one of which was the limitation of the military's role in political practice in Indonesia. The military's role was returned to the national defense function in order to maintain the professionalism of the Indonesian National Army (INA). The involvement of active military members in civilian positions which is now starting to reappear has given rise to political and legal turmoil which indicates the emergence of dual functions of Indonesia Armed Forces(IAF) as during the New Order era. This harms the goals of reform and the meaning of democracy in Indonesia. This requires providing views on the impact of involvement of military members in civilian positions both from a legal, social and political perspective. Through a statutory regulatory approach, a historical approach, and a conceptual approach using qualitative normative research, we can analyze the impact of military members' involvement in civilian positions in a descriptive analytical manner. The existence of civil-military stability makes government administration strong and of high quality, however, legal uncertainty, weakening of democracy, and inequality in political practices will give rise to injustice and disrupt the nation's welfare.
The Use Of Animated Video Media To Improve Expository Text Writing Skills Among Grade X Students At SMK Muhammadiyah 4 Kalisat
This study aims to determine the effectiveness of using animated video-based learning media in improving the expository writing skills of 10th grade students at SMK Muhammadiyah 4 Kalisat. The study used a quantitative approach with a one-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design. The research subjects were 10th grade students at SMK Muhammadiyah 4 Kalisat. The research instrument was an expository text writing test administered before and after the experiment. In the pretest stage, students were asked to write expository texts without using animated video media, while in the posttest stage, students wrote expository texts after participating in learning using animated videos that explained the concepts, structure, and linguistic rules of expository texts. Data analysis was performed by comparing the pretest and posttest results. The results showed an increase in students' expository text writing skills after the use of animated video media, especially in terms of grammatical accuracy and text structure completeness. These results indicate that animated video-based learning media are effective as learning media for improving students' expository text writing skills. Thus, the use of animated video media can be an innovative and relevant alternative learning media in Indonesian language learning at the secondary school level.
Evaluation Of The Implementation Of The Bilingual Program At Insan Rabbany Junior High School In South Tangerang
This journal aims to collect data and information about the implementation of the bilingual programme at Insan Rabbany Junior High School in South Tangerang. The method used is qualitative, namely to find out how the programme can be implemented, the extent to which the programme has been implemented, and the achievement of the programme's objectives. Data collection was carried out through observation, interviews, documentation studies and literature studies. Interviews were conducted with the director of education, the principal, science, mathematics and English teachers, students and parents. The information required was related to the implementation of the bilingual programme that had been run by the school. The findings of the evaluation included a context evaluation covering the objectives of the bilingual programme, which were in line with the school's vision and mission of preparing a globally-minded young generation; an input evaluation consisting of the bilingual programme curriculum, which was the national curriculum but delivered using two languages, with the abilities of students and teachers still needing to be improved, and facilities and infrastructure already in place; process evaluation, which includes planning, implementation, and assessment of bilingual learning; and product evaluation, which includes the results and impact of the bilingual programme on the school, students, teachers, and parents. The implications felt by the school with the bilingual programme are an increase in prestige and quality of education, students having high self-confidence and competitiveness, and having good analytical skills. Teachers are motivated to continue developing themselves and become more creative, innovative and globally minded. Parents receive excellent service from the school and are better prepared to plan for the next level of education, ready to compete in the era of globalisation.
The Role Of Mediation In Resolving Child Custody Cases After Divorce In The Kolaka Class Ib Religious Court
Divorce often leads to subsequent issues in the form of child custody disputes (hadhanah), which can impact the psychological condition of the child and the relationship between the parents. Mediation is a dispute resolution mechanism mandated by the Supreme Court Regulation (PERMA) No. 1 of 2016, as a peaceful effort before the case is examined in substance. This study aims to analyze the role of mediation in resolving child custody cases after divorce in the Kolaka Class IB Religious Court and to identify the factors that support and hinder the success of mediation. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results indicate that mediation plays a crucial role in opening dialogue between the parties, reducing emotional conflict, and encouraging the achievement of agreements that prioritize the best interests of the child. However, the success of mediation is significantly influenced by the psychological readiness of the parties, the skills of the mediator, family support, and good faith in participating in the mediation process. Factors that hinder mediation include high ego, lack of communication, dominance of certain parties, and a strong intention to divorce. Although not all mediations result in a full agreement, some cases show partial success, particularly concerning child custody arrangements. Thus, mediation in the Kolaka Class IB Religious Court has a strategic role in peacefully, quickly, and child welfare-oriented resolution of hadhanah disputes.
Digital Marketing Model For MSMEs In Garut Regency Using A Dynamic System
Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Garut Regency increase 6% annually. This increase proves that more and more MSMEs can innovate and compete among MSMEs. There are many MSME sectors, such as industrial to culinary UMKM. Along with the rapid development of technology, everyone must put it to good use. The existence of Digital Marketing is an opportunity for MSMEs to expand their marketing network. MSMEs need to understand Digital Marketing in order to survive and progress amid digital competition and increasingly advanced technology. The background of this research is digital marketing for SMEs, especially SMEs in Garut Regency. Understanding and using Digital Marketing needs to be understood by every MSME so that they can survive and get more and more profits. The research sample was conducted by interviewing 10 UMKM Garut Regency in the Culinary field. This sample has met the MSME criteria from the use of Digital Marketing and MSME income. This research method uses a dynamic system starting from system definition, making causal loop diagrams, making stock and flow diagrams, then validating and verifying dynamic system models. Based on the results of the research, digital marketing affects two important things, namely viewers of the content that we offer regarding products and also costs for digital marketing itself so that optimization of these two things can control digital marketing output, namely sales or transactions (sales). Apart from that, UMKM Perceptions of Digital Marketing must understand Digital Marketing itself so that the impact will be better in accordance with the targets of the MSME itself.
Transformation Of Post-Production Fishery Revenue Policy: Bureaucratic Reform At Jakarta Nizam Zachman Oceanic Fishing Port
In response to the increasing challenges in managing fishery resources and the need for sustainable funding, the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries of the Republic of Indonesia (MMAF) has implemented a post-production fishery revenue (PHP) policy, replacing the previous pre-production policy. This policy serves as a crucial instrument to support the sustainability of the fishery sector. This study employs a qualitative approach, utilizing in-depth interviews and document analysis to assess the perspectives of various stakeholders, including representatives from businesses, data collection officers, and port authorities, with a focus on the Jakarta Nizam Zachman Oceanic Fishing Port (JNZOFP) in Jakarta. The research identifies the fulfillment of bureaucratic reform areas in the implementation of post-production PHP policy, and emphasizes principles of good governance. The findings indicate that the post-production PHP policy at JNZOFP meets several indicators of bureaucratic reform and aligns with good governance principles. Furthermore, the study highlights both supporting factors and challenges affecting the implementation of this policy. MMAF is advised to integrate post-production PHP policy into the work plan of JNZOFP as a performance indicator. This integration is expected to enhance oversight and accountability, thereby significantly improving program effectiveness. Additionally, JNZOFP must formulate more effective strategies to address emerging challenges, such as data accuracy during weighing processes, updating the e-PIT system, human resource composition, and the availability of supporting facilities.
Spatial Study Of Land Use Planning Guidelines For Landslide Disaster Mitigation In Bondowoso Regency
Natural disasters, such as landslides, can occur unpredictably, leading to significant damage to infrastructure, loss of life, and environmental degradation. In Indonesia, landslides are a major threat, particularly in mountainous and hilly regions with unstable soil and high rainfall. This study focuses on landslide risk assessment in Bondowoso Regency using a quantitative approach with data analysis tools such as Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Weighted Overlay Analysis. The study identifies vulnerability levels and classifies them into high, moderate, and low-risk areas. The findings reveal that 5,047.89 Ha of land fall under high-risk areas, while 50,358.61 Ha are classified as moderate risk, and 100,197.74 Ha are low-risk zones. The study recommends disaster risk mitigation strategies through spatial planning based on the PAR (Protection, Adaptation, Relocation) framework. Protection measures are suggested for low to moderate-risk areas, while adaptation and relocation strategies are proposed for high-risk zones. This research provides critical insights for reducing disaster risks and enhancing spatial planning to improve disaster resilience.
The Impact of Macroeconomic Shocks on Credit Risk in Indonesian Banking Using Machine Learning
This study analyzes how multivariate macroeconomic shocks transmit to credit risk in Indonesia’s banking sector using a hybrid framework that combines a factor augmented vector autoregression with machine learning techniques. In contrast to conventional stress testing approaches that rely on linear assumptions, the model extracts latent macro financial factors through Principal Component Analysis and forecasts non-performing loans using Elastic Net regression in order to address multicollinearity and enhance predictive stability across different phases of the business cycle. The empirical analysis employs monthly data covering the period from January 2010 to December 2024. Principal Component Analysis reduces the dimensionality of the macroeconomic dataset to six components that collectively explain 90.99 percent of total variance. The Elastic Net model is optimally tuned with an alpha value of 0.0668 and an L1 ratio of 0.1, placing greater emphasis on the ridge penalty to improve coefficient stability and out of sample reliability. The results indicate strong predictive performance, with an R squared of 61.91 percent and a root mean squared error of 0.0692. Liquidity related indicators, particularly money supply and loan growth, consistently emerge as the most influential determinants of non-performing loans and exhibit a stable negative relationship throughout the sample period. A key empirical contribution of this study is the identification of parameter instability, as the BI Rate, exchange rate, and Industrial Production Index display reversals in their estimated effects when comparing the pre pandemic period with the full sample. Most notably, the BI Rate shifts from a positive to a negative association with non-performing loans, providing empirical support for the Lucas Critique. This structural change is plausibly linked to regulatory forbearance under POJK 11/2020, which weakened the conventional transmission mechanism from higher interest rates to rising credit risk. Overall, the findings suggest that under conditions of extreme macroeconomic stress, policy interventions can fundamentally alter structural relationships and reduce the reliability of traditional linear forecasting models. The proposed framework therefore offers a robust alternative for regulatory stress testing by explicitly accommodating parameter instability and policy induced shifts in banking sector credit risk.
The Transformation Of Entrepreneurial Opportuniy Recognition Through Artificial Intelligence: A Systematic Review
The development of artificial intelligence (AI) has brought fundamental changes to the entrepreneurial process, particularly in the stage of entrepreneurial opportunity recognition. Although the literature on AI and entrepreneurship continues to grow, an integrated understanding of how AI transforms the opportunity recognition process remains fragmented. Therefore, this study aims to systematically examine the role of AI in transforming entrepreneurial opportunity recognition through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. This research follows the PRISMA guidelines by analyzing 40 reputable journal articles published between 2015 and 2025 and sourced from the Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. The analysis employs a thematic synthesis approach to identify key patterns, mechanisms, and implications of AI integration in opportunity recognition. The synthesis results reveal four main themes: (1) AI as an enabler in detecting patterns and latent opportunities, (2) the transformation of entrepreneurial cognition toward a human–machine hybrid model, (3) enhanced opportunity validation and reduced uncertainty through predictive analytics, and (4) ethical challenges and risks of algorithmic dependence. This study contributes theoretically by expanding the understanding of opportunity recognition in the context of digital entrepreneurship and practically by providing implications for entrepreneurs and policymakers in managing the strategic and responsible use of AI.
The Influence Of Sustainability Report Disclosure And Firm Size On Corporate Financial Performance In Basic Materials Sector Companies Listed On The Jakarta Islamic Index 2021-2024
This study aims to analyze the influence of Sustainability Report disclosure and firm size on financial performance in Basic Materials sector companies listed on the Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) for the period 2021-2024. The research phenomenon is grounded in fluctuations in financial performance alongside environmental and social issues faced by companies within the basic materials sector. The research method employed is quantitative explanatory. The research population encompasses the annual reports and sustainability reports of mining companies in the JII. Utilizing a purposive sampling technique, a sample of 9 companies was obtained. The collected secondary data were subsequently analyzed using linear regression with the assistance of E-Views software. Results indicate that, simultaneously, Sustainability Report disclosure and firm size exert a significant influence on corporate financial performance. Partially, Sustainability Report disclosure is proven to have a significant influence on financial performance. This indicates that transparency in economic, social, and environmental aspects, as well as the scale of company assets, serve as critical factors for investors in assessing the stability and potential profitability of companies within the basic materials sector.
Effect Of 70% Ethanol And 70% Methanol Solvents On Total Phenol Content Of Beetroot Extracts
Antioxidants are known to be present in beetroot tubers. Antioxidant activity found in plants comes from the amount of phenolic chemicals present, including phenolic acids and polyphenols. To identify the existence of phenolic compounds in plants, the first step that needs to be done is extraction. Extraction is one of the factors that affect the content of bioactive compounds in the extract, because it can directly affect the process of taking phytochemical compounds from plants. The use of solvents during extraction must be in accordance with their polarity. This study's goal is to determine the impact of using 70% ethanol and 70% methanol solvents on beet tuber extracts' overall phenol content. The method used was using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and measured by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The outcomes of the study revealed that the overall amount of phenol content with 70% ethanol solvent had higher results compared to 70% methanol solvent. Since the results of the ANOVA test differ just slightly, P≥0.05 indicates that there is no significant difference.
Strengthening Autocratic Legalism In Indonesia: The Impact Of Judicial Politicization On The Constitutional Court’s Independence
The phenomenon of judicial politicization in Indonesia, especially in the context of the Constitutional Court (MK), has become an increasingly crucial concern amidst the continuing deterioration of democracy. This study aims to explore various phenomena that reflect political intervention in the judicial process at the Constitutional Court, as well as its impact on the independence of the institution. Through qualitative analysis of several cases involving allegations of corruption and conflicts of interest among constitutional judges, this study finds that judicial politicization has the potential to undermine the integrity and public trust in the judicial system. This study also focuses on aspects of the judicial process that operate in the Constitutional Court without the integrity and authority of the judges. Based on these findings, we recommend systemic reforms that include improving the selection process of judges, increasing transparency in decision-making, and stricter enforcement of the code of ethics to restore the independence of the Constitutional Court and strengthen democracy in Indonesia.
Strengthening The Capacity Of Beneficiary Families Of The Family Hope Program Through Family Development Sessions In Semende Darat Tengah Subdistrict, Muara Enim Regency
This study aims to analyze the capacity building of Beneficiary Families (KPM) of the Family Hope Program (FHP) through the implementation of Family Development Sessions (FDS) in Semende Darat Tengah Subdistrict, Muara Enim Regency. The background of this research stems from the phenomenon of the high number of KPM who have not yet achieved independent graduation despite having participated in FDS for several years, indicating problems in the process of assistance and capacity building. This research uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies. The results of the study show that the capacity building process through FDS takes place in several stages, namely preparation, activity planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation, and graduation. The implementation of FDS has been carried out in accordance with the guidelines but still faces obstacles, such as limited supporting facilities, the relevance of the material to the needs of KPM, and low participant motivation. The identified capacity building patterns include participatory, experience-based, and problem-based learning approaches that play a role in shaping positive KPM behavior, particularly in relation to education, health, economy, and parenting. However, the effectiveness of capacity building has not been optimal due to internal and external factors, both among facilitators and KPM. This study concludes that FDS contributes to increasing KPM knowledge and changing behavior, but has not been fully able to encourage independence and accelerate graduation. These findings are expected to form the basis for evaluating and improving the implementation of FDS so that it is more effective in empowering poor families towards independence.
The Impact Of Economic Pillar Sdgs Indicators On Labor Productivity In Indonesia: A Vecm Approach
This study aims to examine the effects of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) economic pillar indicators—namely the electrification ratio, manufacturing industry growth, income inequality, and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)—on labor productivity in Indonesia over the period 2015–2024. The research adopts an explanatory quantitative approach using annual time-series data analyzed through a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). The findings reveal that, in the short run, only the electrification ratio has a statistically significant effect on labor productivity, exhibiting a negative relationship. In the long run, both the electrification ratio and manufacturing industry growth exert negative and significant effects, whereas income inequality shows a positive and significant impact. FDI does not demonstrate a significant effect on labor productivity. Impulse Response Function (IRF) and Forecast Error Variance Decomposition (FEVD) analyses indicate that labor productivity dynamics are predominantly driven by internal factors, with the largest external contribution originating from the manufacturing sector. These findings imply that enhancing labor productivity requires structural transformation, improvements in the quality of energy utilization, and more equitable development. The novelty of this study lies in the application of SDGs economic pillar indicators within a VECM framework and the integration of equity and sustainability perspectives in development analysis.
Analysis Of Macroeconomic Variables Using Var Models On Inflation In Indonesia, 2020–2024
This study aims to analyze the interactions among the minimum wage, unemployment rate, economic growth, and financial development in relation to inflation, as well as to identify causal relationship patterns among these variables. The research employs a quantitative approach using Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) analysis based on time-series data. Stationarity tests, optimal lag determination, stability tests, Granger causality tests, cointegration tests, and VECM estimation are conducted to examine the direction of relationships among variables and to estimate long-run effects in measuring the impact of each variable on inflation. The data utilized are secondary data obtained from official publications of relevant institutions and are analyzed using the E-Views statistical software. The results indicate that not all variables exhibit causal relationships. Inflation shows a one-way causal relationship with the unemployment rate, while financial development exhibits a one-way causal relationship with inflation. In addition, bidirectional causality is found between financial development and the minimum wage, as well as between financial development and economic growth. Long-run estimation results reveal that the minimum wage and unemployment rate have a positive and significant effect on inflation, whereas economic growth has a negative and significant effect on inflation. Financial development is also shown to have a positive effect on inflation. The findings underscore that inflation is influenced by a combination of labor market factors, macroeconomic conditions, and financial sector development; therefore, effective inflation control requires integrated and sustainable economic policies.
The Effect Of Liquidity And Sales Growth On Financial Distress (Restaurant, Hotel And Tourism Sectors Listed On The Idx For The 2022-2024 Period)
Financial distress is a condition in which a company is unable to continue its business activities because it cannot meet its obligations when they fall due. This study aims to determine the effect of liquidity and sales growth on financial distress. The research method used is quantitative. Data analysis includes validity testing, reliability testing, classical assumption testing, multiple linear regression analysis, hypothesis testing, and the coefficient of determination. The population of this study consists of companies in the Restaurant, Hotel, and Tourism sub-sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2019–2021 period. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling, resulting in a total sample of 16 companies out of a population of 45 companies. The results of the study show that liquidity and sales growth simultaneously influence financial distress. Partially, liquidity and sales growth have a positive effect on financial distress. This study can be used as a reference regarding the calculation of liquidity and sales growth conducted by companies. Future researchers are expected to examine other independent variables that may affect financial distress.
The Effectiveness of Problem Based Learning in Improving Students Understanding of Islamic Creed and Ethics
This study examines the effectiveness of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model in enhancing students’ understanding of Islamic creed (ʿaqīdah) and ethics (akhlāq). The research was motivated by the need to improve higher-order thinking skills and meaningful learning in Islamic Religious Education, which often remains dominated by teacher-centered and memorization-based approaches. Using a quasi-experimental design, this study involved two groups of students—an experimental group taught using PBL and a control group taught using conventional methods. Data were collected through pre-tests, post-tests, classroom observations, and student learning response questionnaires. The findings show that the implementation of PBL significantly improves students’ conceptual understanding, critical thinking, and ability to connect Islamic theological principles with ethical decision-making in daily life. Students in the PBL group demonstrated higher engagement, deeper inquiry, and better retention of concepts related to the unity of God (tawḥīd), prophetic traditions, moral reasoning, and ethical behavior. The results also indicate that PBL fosters collaborative learning and encourages students to explore real-life dilemmas through an Islamic worldview. Overall, the study concludes that Problem-Based Learning is an effective pedagogical approach for strengthening students’ understanding of Islamic creed and ethics. The model not only enhances cognitive comprehension but also promotes reflective moral development, making it a relevant strategy for modern Islamic education. The study recommends wider implementation of PBL in Islamic Religious Education curricula to support the development of students’ critical, spiritual, and ethical competencies.
The Effect Of Social Support And Religiosity On Psychological Well-Being Of Teachers At Sd Plus Jabal Rahmah Mulia Medan
This study examines the simultaneous effect of social support and religiosity on the psychological well-being of teachers at SD Plus Jabal Rahmah Mulia Medan. The research employed a correlational quantitative design and involved 114 teachers as both the population and sample using a total sampling technique. Data were collected through three validated and reliable Likert-scale instruments, namely a Social Support Scale based on Sarafino and Smith’s theory, a Religiosity Scale based on Glock and Stark’s model, and a Psychological Well-Being Scale based on Ryff’s framework. Multiple linear regression was applied after classical assumption tests confirmed that the data met normality, linearity, heteroscedasticity, and multicollinearity requirements. The results revealed that social support and religiosity jointly exert a significant influence on teachers’ psychological well-being, indicated by a strong correlation value (R = 0.787), a coefficient of determination (R Square = 0.620), and a significance level of 0.000 (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that 62% of the variation in psychological well-being can be explained by the combined contribution of external resources in the form of social support and internal resources in the form of religiosity, while the remaining 38% is influenced by other factors not investigated in this study. Overall, teachers’ psychological well-being in this Islamic primary school setting was found to be generally high, reflecting positive self-acceptance, supportive interpersonal relationships, autonomy, environmental mastery, purpose in life, and continuous personal growth. The study highlights the importance of strengthening both social support networks and spiritual-religious values as strategic resources for promoting teachers’ mental resilience and sustaining a healthy educational environment.
Factors Influencing The Decision To Adopt Sharia Fintech In Improving Sharia Financial Inclusion Among Gen Z
This study aims to analyze the factors influencing Generation Z's decision to adopt Islamic fintech and its role in enhancing Islamic financial inclusion. The independent variables examined include trust, financial literacy, perceived usefulness, ease of use, and technological advancement, while Islamic fintech adoption serves as the dependent variable. A quantitative research approach was employed by distributing questionnaires to 100 Generation Z respondents who used Islamic fintech services at the State Islamic University of North Sumatra. The data were analyzed using validity and reliability testing, classical assumption tests, and multiple linear regression through SPSS. The results show that, partially, only financial literacy and perceived usefulness have a positive and significant effect on the adoption of Islamic fintech. Meanwhile, trust, ease of use, and technological advancement do not significantly influence adoption. Simultaneously, all independent variables significantly affect Islamic fintech adoption, contributing 36.9% to the variation in the dependent variable. These findings indicate that Generation Z adopts Islamic fintech primarily due to financial awareness and perceived tangible benefits rather than technological convenience alone. The study offers practical implications for Islamic fintech providers to strengthen financial education initiatives, enhance service value, and increase transparency to further support Islamic financial inclusion.
Mechanism for Settlement of Cases of Past Human Rights Violations After the Repeal of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission Law
In the dynamics of Indonesia's constitutional system, the number of human rights violations is still high which is not proportional to the number of cases that have been successfully handled, especially gross human rights violations in the past that have not been resolved until now, reflecting the low effectiveness of the implementation of human rights protection and enforcement in the country. The weak quality of the implementation of human rights protection and enforcement is not balanced with the optimal ability of institutions that have the authority to take preventive steps and remedial measures against these problems. In fact, Article 28I paragraph (4) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia clearly states that the responsibility to protect, promote, and fulfill human rights is in the hands of the state. On the other hand, the Constitutional Court through Decision No. 006/PUU-IV/2016 has canceled the Law on the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (KKR), which has an impact on the dissolution of the institution in Indonesia. Based on these conditions, this study uses a normative approach with the aim of providing a comprehensive understanding of the concept of reconstruction of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission which has the authority to reveal the facts of human rights violations, provide policy recommendations to the government, and with the consent of the victims the report on the commission's work results can be used as a basis for the investigation process of cases of human rights violations in court.
The Effect Of Product Quality, Promotion, And Business Location On Consumer Purchase Decisions At D’top Chicken & Burger Parungkuda 2 Branch
This study aims to identify and analyze the influence of product quality, promotions, and business location on consumer purchasing decisions at D'Top Chicken & Burger Branch Parungkuda 2. This background is based on the increasing competition in the culinary business, prompting every business actor to continually improve product quality, promotional strategies, and the selection of strategic business locations to attract consumer attention. D’Top Chicken & Burger is one of the culinary businesses facing this challenge, especially in maintaining and increasing the number of buyers amid the proliferation of similar businesses in the Parungkuda area. This research uses a quantitative approach with a survey method. The sample in this research consists of 100 respondents selected using purposive sampling techniques, namely consumers of D'Top Chicken & Burger Branch Parungkuda 2 aged over 17 years who reside in Parungkuda District. Data was collected through the distribution of questionnaires and analyzed using multiple linear regression methods to test the simultaneous and partial effects of each independent variable on the dependent variable. The results of the study are expected to contribute to the field of marketing, particularly in understanding the determinants of purchasing decisions in local culinary businesses.
Punishment For Gay Offenders (Perspective Of Qanun No. 6 Of 2014 And Law No. 1 Of 2023)
This study aims to analyze the punishment for gay offenders from the perspective of Qanun Number 6 of 2014 and Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code (KUHP). The research method used is normative legal research through an examination of Qanun Number 6 of 2014 applicable in Aceh as well as the provisions in Law Number 1 of 2023. The results of the study indicate that the Qanun explicitly regulates the act of liwath as a jarimah subject to uqubat ta’zir in the form of caning, fines, or imprisonment, which is based on Islamic law values and the special autonomous status of Aceh. Meanwhile, Law Number 1 of 2023 does not specifically criminalize sexual orientation, but rather focuses on regulating certain immoral acts with defined elements of the offense and complaint-based provisions in specific contexts. Due to these differences, harmonization of legal understanding is necessary in order to create legal certainty and justice in its implementation, considering the various challenges faced in practice.
Legal Protection For Child Victims Of Economic Exploitation: A Comparative Study Of Law In Indonesia And Thailand
Economic exploitation of children remains a serious problem occurring in many countries, including Indonesia and Thailand. Such exploitative practices not only violate children's human rights but also have negative impacts on their physical, mental and social development. This study aims to analyze the legal regulations and the effectiveness of legal protection for child victims of economic exploitation in Indonesia and Thailand, as well as to identify obstacles in their implementation. The research method employed is normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. Data were obtained through library research on national legislation, international legal instruments, and relevant legal literature. The findings indicate that Indonesia and Thailand have established legal frameworks governing the protection of children from economic exploitation, both through national legislation and the ratification of international instruments such as the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) and ILO Conventions. However, the effectiveness of legal protection implementation in both countries still faces various challenges, including weak law enforcement, lack of inter-agency coordination, social stigma against victims, and socio-economic factors that contribute to child exploitation. Therefore, strengthening legal substance, enhancing the capacity of law enforcement officials, consistently applying a restorative justice approach, and increasing active community participation are necessary to achieve more effective and sustainable legal protection for child victims of economic exploitation.
Problem Financing Prevention Strategy To Optimize Risk Management And Financing Performance At Bank Sumut Kisaran Syariah Branch
Non-Performing Financing (NPF) is a serious challenge in the Islamic banking industry as it directly impacts financial stability and the financing performance of banks. This study aims to analyze the strategy for preventing problematic financing through the 7P approach (Personality, Purpose, Prospect, Payment, Party, Profitability, and Protection) implemented by Bank Sumut KCP Syariah Kisaran, as well as to evaluate its effectiveness in optimizing risk management and maintaining healthy financing performance in accordance with Sharia principles. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach with a case study method. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and open-ended questionnaires filled out by bank leaders, account officers, surveyors, marketing staff, and customers of Bank Sumut KCP Syariah Kisaran. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions using triangulation techniques for validity. The results show that the implementation of the 7P strategy (Personality, Purpose, Prospect, Payment, Party, Profitability, and Protection) at Bank Sumut KCP Syariah Kisaran has proven effective in reducing non-performing financing (NPF). The initially high NPF of 10.99% in 2020 was successfully reduced to 1.16% in 2023, although it slightly increased again to 1.8% in 2024. This strategy was applied through comprehensive customer assessment stages, ranging from interviews, feasibility analysis, to post-disbursement monitoring. The bank's main focus was on analyzing the customer's repayment ability (Payment) and collateral feasibility assessment (Protection). To optimize risk management and financing performance at Bank Sumut KCP Syariah Kisaran, the bank also conducts periodic evaluations and post-disbursement maintenance activities to support the effectiveness of the strategy.
Protection Of The Rights Of Suspects From The Perspective Of The Principle Of Presumption Of Innocence: A Comparative Study Of The Kuhap And The Criminal Procedure Code Of Thailand
This study examines the protection of suspects’ rights from the perspective of the presumption of innocence through a comparative analysis between the Indonesian Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP) and the Thai Criminal Procedure Code (CPC). This research employs normative legal research methods by analyzing primary and secondary legal materials. The findings indicate that although both legal systems recognize the presumption of innocence as a fundamental principle, differences exist in the mechanisms for protecting suspects’ rights and prosecutorial authority. Indonesia emphasizes procedural safeguards through strict state control, while Thailand provides greater opportunities for victim participation in prosecution. Furthermore, the enactment of Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code strengthens the presumption of innocence as a fundamental principle in Indonesian substantive criminal law. This study concludes that comparative analysis offers important insights for strengthening human rights protection within criminal justice systems.
Comparative Analysis Of Prosecutorial Powers In The Criminal Justice Systems Of Indonesia And Thailand
This study examines the comparative regulation, authority, and procedural framework of prosecution within the criminal justice systems of Indonesia and Thailand. The research focuses on the normative arrangements governing prosecution, the scope of authority exercised by public prosecutors, and the procedural differences in criminal proceedings that influence prosecutorial practices in both countries. The method employed is normative juridical research using a comparative law approach, based on the analysis of statutory regulations, legal doctrines, and relevant scholarly literature. The findings indicate that Indonesia adopts the dominus litis principle, which places the public prosecutor as the sole authority controlling prosecution, as regulated under the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP) and the Law on the Public Prosecution Service. This system reflects a centralized and formalistic prosecutorial structure. In contrast, Thailand implements a prosecution system that grants broader discretionary powers to prosecutors during the pre-prosecution stage and allows greater victim participation within criminal proceedings. These differences demonstrate Indonesia’s emphasis on legal certainty and institutional hierarchy, while Thailand prioritizes procedural flexibility and victim protection. This comparative analysis highlights the strengths and limitations of each system and provides valuable insights for the development and reform of prosecutorial authority within Indonesia’s criminal justice system through comparative legal perspectives.
A Comparative Study of the Legal Regulation of Limited Land Ownership Rights by Foreign Nationals under Indonesian and Thai Law
The regulation of land ownership rights by foreign nationals is a strategic issue in agrarian law because it directly relates to state sovereignty and foreign investment interests. This study aims to analyze legal regulations regarding limited land ownership rights for foreign nationals under agrarian law in Indonesia and Thailand, and to examine similarities and differences in these regulations in both legal systems. This research uses a normative legal research method with statutory and comparative legal approaches. The data consists of secondary data, including primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials, collected through literature studies and analyzed qualitatively in a normative manner. The results show that Indonesia explicitly prohibits foreign nationals from owning freehold land based on the nationality principle in the Basic Agrarian Law, but provides limited access through use rights and lease rights regulated in the latest implementing regulations. Thailand also prohibits land ownership by foreigners under the Thailand Land Code but opens limited exceptions through investment mechanisms and long-term leases with strict administrative oversight. The similarity in both countries lies in the goal of protecting national land sovereignty, whereas the difference lies in the legal approach: Indonesia emphasizes restrictions based on the type of land rights, while Thailand focuses on restrictions based on legal subjects and investment policy. The study concludes that limited land ownership for foreign nationals in both Indonesia and Thailand represents a balance between national interests and economic development needs, but requires strengthening of oversight and policy consistency to ensure legal certainty.
Cancellation Of A Land Sale And Purchase Agreement Due To Breach Of Contract In The Settlement Of The Purchase Price And Its Legal Consequences (A Study Of The Medan District Court Decision Number 316/Pdt.G/2023/Pn Mdn)
The land sale and purchase agreement is a reciprocal contract that creates rights and obligations for the parties. In practice, such agreements often give rise to disputes due to the buyer’s failure to fulfill the obligation to pay the purchase price in full, which ultimately constitutes a breach of contract. This study aims to analyze the legal regulation of the cancellation of land sale and purchase agreements due to breach of contract, the legal consequences arising therefrom, and the legal considerations of judges in the Decision of the Medan District Court Number 316/Pdt.G/2023/PN Mdn. The research method used is normative legal research with a statutory approach and a case approach. The legal materials consist of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal sources, which are analyzed qualitatively using deductive reasoning. The results of the study indicate that the cancellation of a land sale and purchase agreement due to breach of contract has a strong legal basis in the Indonesian Civil Code, particularly Articles 1238, 1266, and 1267. The legal consequences of cancellation include the termination of the contractual relationship, the obligation to return performances that have been rendered, and the restoration of the legal status of the land to the entitled party. The judges’ legal considerations in the decision are deemed to have consistently applied civil law principles and to be oriented toward justice and legal protection for the aggrieved party.
Comparative Analysis Of Correctional Systems In Thailand And Indonesia Addressing Prison Overcrowding
Overcrowding in correctional institutions significantly affects the effectiveness of inmate rehabilitation, human rights protection, and social reintegration, particularly in Indonesia and Thailand. This study aims to analyze the regulatory framework and implementation of correctional systems in both countries and conduct a comparative analysis to identify best practices. The research uses a normative juridical method with descriptive-comparative approaches (statute approach and comparative approach), utilizing primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials as well as library research. The results indicate that Indonesia, through Law No. 22 of 2022 on Corrections and the new Criminal Code, regulates assimilation, integration, and community service as alternative punishments, yet implementation is limited due to overcrowded prisons and insufficient community involvement. Thailand, through the Probation Act B.E. 2522, Corrections Act B.E. 2560, and Narcotics Act B.E. 2522, effectively supports community-based corrections, open prisons, halfway houses, and official volunteer supervision. The effectiveness of correctional systems depends on the alignment of legal norms, institutional capacity, and community participation.
The Mechanism For Examining Appellate Remedies In The Indonesian Criminal Justice System And The Criminal Procedure Code Of Thailand
Appeal remedies constitute an important component of the criminal justice system aimed at ensuring justice, legal certainty, and the protection of the rights of the accused. This article seeks to analyze and compare the operation of appeal mechanisms within the criminal justice systems of Indonesia and Thailand. The research adopts a normative legal approach by examining the Indonesian Indonesian Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP) and the Criminal Procedure Code of Thailand (CPC), particularly Sections 193 to Section 202. The findings indicate that in Indonesia, the High Court is vested with broader authority to re-examine both the application of law and the facts of a case as a means of correcting decisions rendered by courts of first instance. In contrast, Thailand applies a more selective appeal mechanism, especially in minor criminal cases, while still providing exceptions for matters of significant legal importance. This comparison demonstrates that, despite differing approaches, both countries regard appeals as a crucial instrument for achieving justice and safeguarding the rights of the accused.
Asean Panji Festival As An Instrument Of Asean Identity Construction: A Constructivist And Cultural Diplomacy Analysis
This study examines the ASEAN Panji Festival as an instrument for constructing ASEAN identity through cultural diplomacy within a constructivist framework. The main objective is to analyze how the festival contributes to strengthening a shared regional identity amid tensions between national and regional identities in Southeast Asia. Using a qualitative research design and constructivist analysis, this study explores the meanings, symbols, and interactions produced through the festival as a platform for intergovernmental and intercultural engagement. Data were analyzed to understand how cultural narratives and collective values are institutionalized within ASEAN’s diplomatic and integration processes. The findings indicate that the ASEAN Panji Festival functions as a strategic medium for promoting the principle of “unity in diversity,” enhancing mutual cultural understanding, and fostering bilateral and multilateral cooperation among member states. The festival also contributes to discussions on broader regional agendas, including peace, development, tourism, education, and economic collaboration, thereby strengthening ASEAN’s international cultural standing. However, the persistence of strong national identities remains a significant challenge to deeper regional cohesion. In conclusion, the ASEAN Panji Festival demonstrates considerable potential as an effective cultural diplomacy instrument for reinforcing collective identity and supporting ASEAN regional integration, although sustained efforts are required to balance national and regional identity dynamics.
Empirical Study on the Relationship between Lifestyle and Consumer Satisfaction with Nescafé Coffee Purchasing Decisions among University Students
The objective of this research is to examine the impact of lifestyle and consumer satisfaction on the purchasing decisions for Nescafé coffee among university students. University students, representing the younger generation, possess dynamic lifestyles and a propensity to follow trends, which may significantly shape their consumption patterns, especially when selecting instant coffee products. Employing a quantitative methodology through a survey technique, data were gathered by distributing questionnaires to 120 student participants who had previously consumed Nescafé coffee. The data analysis utilized the Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) approach, facilitated by the SmartPLS software. Findings from the study indicate that lifestyle exerts a positive and significant influence on decisions to purchase Nescafé coffee. Furthermore, consumer satisfaction has been established to similarly produce a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions. The coefficient of determination (R²) demonstrates that the variables of lifestyle and consumer satisfaction account for the majority of the variance in purchasing decisions, signifying that the proposed research model possesses substantial explanatory strength. These results underscore that the alignment of products with students' lifestyles and the degree of satisfaction experienced following consumption serve as critical determinants in propelling purchasing decisions. This investigation is anticipated to make scholarly contributions to the advancement of consumer behavior research, while also offering practical implications for businesses in formulating marketing strategies that emphasize consumer lifestyles and the enhancement of satisfaction levels, with particular relevance to instant coffee products.
Analysis Of The Determinants Of Food Security In Indonesian Provinces, 2020–2024
This study aims to analyze the economic determinants of food security across Indonesian provinces during the period 2020–2024. Food security is proxied by the Food Security Index (IKP), while the explanatory variables include rice productivity, poverty levels, regional minimum wages (UMR), average years of schooling (RLS), and unemployment rates. Using panel data from 26 provinces and a fixed-effects regression approach, the results indicate that rice productivity, poverty, education, and unemployment have positive and significant effects on provincial food security. In contrast, regional minimum wages show no significant impact, suggesting that household purchasing power is more heavily influenced by food price dynamics than nominal wage increases. These findings confirm that food security is multidimensional, shaped by the interplay of availability, access, utilization, and stability as defined by the FAO framework. The study highlights the need for integrated policies encompassing agricultural productivity, price stabilization, nutrition literacy, and social protection to strengthen regional food security
Analysis of Constitutional Court Decision Number 70/PUU-XXII/2024 on the Age Requirement for Regional Head Candidates and Its Implications for the Democratic System in Indonesia
The Regulation Of The Minimum Age Requirement For Regional Head Candidates Has Become A Significant Constitutional Issue In Indonesia Following Constitutional Court Decision Number 70/PUU-XXII/2024. The Debate Surrounding This Decision Concerns The Extent To Which Age Limitations Constitute A Legitimate Regulatory Measure Or An Unconstitutional Restriction On Political Rights As Guaranteed Under The 1945 Constitution. This Study Aims To Analyze The Legal Reasoning Of The Mahkamah Konstitusi In The Decision, To Assess The Constitutional Compatibility Of The Age Requirement Under The Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945, And To Examine Its Implications For Local Democratic Processes, Particularly In Relation To Leadership Regeneration And Political Participation. This Research Employs A Normative Legal Method Using Statutory, Case, And Conceptual Approaches. Primary Legal Materials Include Constitutional Provisions, Relevant Electoral Laws, And Constitutional Court Decision Number 70/PUU-XXII/2024, While Secondary Materials Consist Of Scholarly Literature And Prior Studies On Political Rights And Democratic Theory. The Analysis Is Conducted Through Qualitative Prescriptive Interpretation By Applying Constitutional Principles Such As Equality Before The Law, Proportionality, Legal Certainty, And Popular Sovereignty. The Findings Indicate That The Constitutional Court Grounded Its Reasoning In The Doctrine Of Open Legal Policy, Affirming That The Determination Of Age Requirements Falls Within Legislative Authority As Long As It Does Not Contradict Explicit Constitutional Norms. The Age Limitation Is Considered Constitutionally Valid Because It Is Based On Objective And Rational Criteria And Serves The Legitimate Aim Of Ensuring Leadership Maturity And Institutional Stability. Furthermore, The Decision Has Broader Implications For Indonesia’s Local Democracy By Structuring Leadership Regeneration, Influencing Political Party Recruitment Mechanisms, And Reinforcing Legal Certainty In Electoral Governance While Maintaining Democratic Inclusiveness Within Constitutional Boundaries.
A Juridical Analysis Of Child Custody Rights After Divorce Under Indonesian And Thai Law
Divorce is a legal event that not only terminates marital relations but also creates legal consequences for children, particularly concerning child custody arrangements. As subjects of law, children are entitled to proper care, protection, and optimal development; therefore, custody decisions after divorce must be based on the principle of the best interests of the child. This study aims to conduct a juridical analysis of child custody regulations after divorce under Indonesian and Thai law and to examine the differences in custody settlement mechanisms between the two legal systems. This research employs a normative legal research method using statutory and comparative law approaches. The legal materials consist of primary legal sources, including statutes and civil law codes, as well as secondary legal materials such as legal literature and scholarly journals. The findings indicate that Indonesia adopts a pluralistic legal framework for child custody, influenced by national law and religious law, particularly through the Marriage Law, the Child Protection Law, and the Compilation of Islamic Law. In contrast, Thailand applies a more flexible approach under the Thai Civil and Commercial Code by granting broad discretion to the courts to determine custody based on factual circumstances and the welfare of the child. Despite these differences, both legal systems consistently emphasize the principle of the best interests of the child as the primary consideration in post-divorce custody decisions.
A Legal Analysis of the Evidence System in Criminal Procedure: A Study of Evidence in Indonesia and Thailand
This study juridically analyzes the system of evidence in Indonesian and Thai criminal procedure law, focusing on the regulation and application of evidentiary instruments. It compares the formalistic and enumerative approach of Indonesia’s Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP), particularly Articles 183–184, which require a minimum of two lawful pieces of evidence—namely witness testimony, expert testimony, documents, indications, and defendant statements—against Thailand’s more inclusive model under Sections 226–231 of the Criminal Procedure Code (CPC), which classifies evidence into material, documentary, and personal evidence and grants broader judicial discretion. Both systems share similarities, including the exclusionary rule against illegally obtained evidence and the recognition of digital evidence in response to contemporary legal developments, particularly after Indonesia’s reform through Law No. 20 of 2025. However, structural differences significantly affect the effectiveness of justice: Indonesia emphasizes legal certainty to prevent judicial subjectivity, while Thailand promotes procedural flexibility and allows private prosecution to enhance efficiency and victim participation. Employing a normative-comparative method, this study concludes that ASEAN legal harmonization is necessary to develop a balanced hybrid evidentiary model capable of ensuring substantive truth while safeguarding the human rights of suspects and defendants in the era of transnational crime.
Legal Protection For Children In Conflict With The Law: A Comparative Study Of Law Number 11 Of 2012 And The Juvenile And Family Court ACT B.E. 2553
Legal protection for children in conflict with the law constitutes an integral part of criminal procedural law, placing the principle of the best interests of the child as the foundation of every law enforcement action. This study comparatively analyzes the regulation of child legal protection under Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System, in conjunction with the Law Number 20 of 2025 concerning the Criminal Procedure Code, and the Juvenile and Family Court Act B.E. 2553 in Thailand. The findings indicate that, normatively, both countries have adopted restorative justice principles through diversion mechanisms, the limitation of detention as an ultimum remedium, and guarantees of the right to legal assistance. However, at the level of implementation, challenges remain, including inconsistencies in the application of diversion and the suboptimal fulfillment of children’s rights. Therefore, strengthening procedural aspects is necessary to realize a more responsive and humane juvenile justice system.
Legal Consequences Of Inheritance Distribution Under Batak Karo Customary Law By Muslim Members Of The Batak Karo Tribe
This study aims to analyze the inheritance distribution system under Batak Karo customary law in modern society and to examine its legal position and validity for Muslim Batak Karo communities from the perspectives of Islamic law and national law. The issue arises because the patrilineal system of Batak Karo customary law, which prioritizes sons, potentially differs from the principles of justice and proportional distribution in Islamic inheritance law. This situation raises questions regarding the harmonization between custom and sharia, as well as its juridical implications in the event of a dispute. The research employs a normative legal method using statutory and conceptual approaches. Primary legal materials include Law Number 3 of 2006 and the Compilation of Islamic Law, supported by literature and academic journals as secondary legal sources. The analysis is conducted qualitatively through systematic interpretation. The findings indicate that Batak Karo customary inheritance distribution continues to exist through family deliberation mechanisms; however, within Muslim families, adjustments have been made to align with the principles of faraidh. Socially, customary distribution is considered valid when agreed upon by all heirs, but juridically, it is subject to Islamic law if a dispute is brought before the Religious Court. Keywords: Adat, Batak, Faraidh.
The Contribution of Entrepreneurship Theories in Encouraging Innovation: A Systematic Literature Review
This article serve review literature systematic (Systematic Literature Review - SLR) which aims For analyze and synthesize contribution various theory entrepreneurship in push innovation. Through approach rigorous methodological, literature​ from academic database leading such as Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar are reviewed For identify theory entrepreneurship main mechanism​ theoretical innovations produced , as well as gap existing research. Study results show that theory entrepreneurship social , entrepreneurship data and technology based, entrepreneurship strategic, as well as theory behavior entrepreneurship own role significant mutually​ complete in explain dynamics innovation business and social. Entrepreneurship social emphasize sustainability - oriented innovation​ social and economic, while entrepreneurship based technology leveraging big data and intelligence artificial For spur innovation products and services. Strategic theory highlight planning term length and adaptation in the middle market changes, and theories behavior emphasize aspect psychological and educational in push creativity. Although Thus, it was found a number of gap research, including limitations​ generalization results, varying methodologies, and​ need integration more multidisciplinary​ in- depth research This give recommendation For development research further continuation​ comprehensive and applicable in develop innovative and sustainable entrepreneurial strategies in the future.
The Influence Of Service Innovation And Promotional Strategies On Grab User Retention: The Mediating Role Of Purchase Decisions
Grab, as one of the largest on-demand service providers in Southeast Asia, faces challenges in maintaining user loyalty amid intense competition with Gojek and similar platforms. Efforts to retain customers require both service innovation and effective promotional strategies, which play a role in shaping purchase decisions. This study aims to examine the relationship between service innovation and promotional strategies on Grab user retention, with purchase decisions serving as a mediating variable, using the Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) conceptual model. A quantitative approach was applied through a survey of 384 respondents who were active in the past six months, determined using Cochran’s formula with proportional random sampling. Data were collected using a five-point Likert scale questionnaire and analyzed through Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The study’s findings indicate that service innovation and promotional strategies have a positive and significant effect on purchase decisions, which in turn mediate their influence on user retention. These results contribute to the development of digital marketing literature while providing practical recommendations for Grab in designing more effective and sustainable service and promotional strategies.
Bridging Training and Leadership: A Systematic Review of Creative Self-Efficacy and Sustainable Performance
In the era of digital transformation and the global pursuit of net-zero emissions, organizations are increasingly required to embed sustainability principles into their core strategies. This systematic literature review (SLR) explores the influence of sustainability training and entrepreneurial leadership on sustainability performance, with creative self-efficacy as a mediating variable and innovation work behaviour as a moderator. The findings indicate that sustainability training is a strategic mechanism to enhance green capabilities, although its effectiveness is often constrained by limited resources and cultural resistance, particularly in small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Entrepreneurial leadership emerges as a critical driver of innovative strategies that align business opportunities with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Creative self-efficacy is consistently identified as a psychological bridge linking training and leadership with sustainable performance, while innovation work behaviour demonstrates a contextual moderating role, reinforcing outcomes in organizations with supportive innovation climates. However, the literature remains fragmented, dominated by cross-sectional quantitative studies and biased towards developed countries. This review contributes by synthesizing dispersed findings an integrative framework, mapping research trends, and identifying conceptual, methodological, and contextual gaps. The study offers theoretical contributions for leadership and sustainability models, practical insights for policymakers and practitioners, and a roadmap for future interdisciplinary research
Governance And Community Participation In The Development Of Conservation-Oriented Educational Tourism On Adranan Island, Tual City, Maluku Province
Tourism development in the archipelago faces complex challenges related to environmental sustainability, regional governance, and local community engagement. Adranan Island, Tual City, as a conservation-oriented tourist area, needs a management model that is able to effectively integrate the role of government and community participation. The main problems in the development of this area are the lack of optimal participatory governance, institutional limitations, and challenges in maintaining a balance between the use of tourism and environmental conservation. This study aims to analyze the governance and participation of the community in the development of conservation-oriented educational tourism on Adranan Island and its implications for the sustainability of the region. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through field observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies. Data analysis is carried out interactively through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawn. The results of the study show that the role of local governments as regulators, facilitators, and supervisors, as well as the active involvement of the community as direct actors in tourism, contribute positively to the environmental and social sustainability of the region. The synergy between governance and community participation forms a collaborative management pattern, although it is still faced with limitations in infrastructure, funding, and conservation awareness. The conclusion of the study emphasizes that strengthening participatory and institutional governance is the main key in realizing sustainable conservation-oriented educational tourism in the archipelago.
Barriers And Facilitators To Implementation Of Digital Nursing Technologies In Healthcare Settings: A Systematic Review
This systematic review aimed to synthesize evidence on barriers and facilitators to the implementation of digital nursing technologies (DNTs) in healthcare settings. A PRISMA‑guided search of Scopus and Web of Science identified 2,847 records; after screening and full‑text review, 45 empirical and review articles published between 2015 and 2025 were included. The review found that implementation success depends on interacting technical, organizational, individual, and system‑level factors, rather than technology characteristics alone. Technical and infrastructure barriers included inadequate connectivity, limited hardware, poor usability, and lack of interoperability, which were especially pronounced in low‑ and middle‑income and rural settings. Organizational barriers encompassed insufficient and one‑off training, weak leadership support, poor change management, unclear policies, high workload, and staffing constraints, while individual‑level barriers involved low digital literacy, technophobia, low motivation, and concerns about autonomy, safety, privacy, and data security. System‑level barriers related to limited government support, funding, regulatory clarity, and interoperability mandates. Key facilitators included strong leadership and clear vision, supportive organizational culture, continuous competency‑based training and just‑in‑time support, user‑friendly and reliable systems that integrate with workflows, high digital literacy, professional motivation, and enabling policy and funding environments. The review concludes that effective DNT implementation is a sociotechnical transformation requiring coordinated action across all levels, sustained organizational commitment, and context‑sensitive strategies that protect clinician well‑being and patient safety. These findings inform implementation planning and highlight priority gaps for future research, particularly in emerging technologies and under‑resourced settings.
Transformation Of School Principal Leadership Based On Values To Khulafaur-Rasyidin Leadership At Smk Entrepreneur Indonesia Sragen
This study aims to analyze the transformation of school principal leadership based on the values of Khulafaur-Rasyidin at SMK Entrepreneur Indonesia Sragen in building a religious, character-building, and productive school culture. The study uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach to understand the application of the values of honesty, justice, trustworthiness, and wisdom in leadership practices. The research subjects were determined purposively, namely principals who had relevant experience and competence. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation. The data were analyzed descriptively and qualitatively through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The research results showed that school principals acted as transformational leaders who becomes as role models, motivators, and agent of change through the internalization of the values of the Khulafaur-Rasyidin in leadership. The application of these values had a positive impact on on the improvement of teachers discipline and professionalism, strengthening students' religious character, and creating a harmonious and productive school environment. Humanistic, participatory, and coaching-based leadership strategies support the sustainability of leadership transformation despite resistance to change. This study emphasizes the importance of integrating transformational leadership and Islamic values in improving the quality of vocational education.
Companion Music Learning Planning In Improving Students' Arts Appreciation
This study aims to examine how kompang music learning can be designed to enhance students’ appreciation of the arts. The study is motivated by a phenomenon frequently observed in educational settings, namely students’ limited appreciation of traditional arts. This condition is reflected in students’ attitudes that perceive kompang music as unattractive and incompatible with contemporary developments. Data were collected through observation, direct interviews, and documentation of relevant sources. The findings indicate that effective learning planning through the formulation of learning objectives, selection of appropriate materials, application of suitable strategies and media, and the use of appropriate assessment methods plays a crucial role in improving students’ appreciation of kompang music. Learning plans that integrate local cultural values, adopt contextual approaches aligned with students’ real life experiences, and actively involve students can foster understanding, curiosity, and positive attitudes toward traditional arts. Therefore, structured and contextually relevant learning planning is essential to enhance appreciation of kompang music as part of local cultural heritage.
Bebalam Arts Studios' Efforts In Preserving Long Song As A Malay Cultural Heritage
This research aims to analyze the efforts and strategies undertaken by Sanggar Seni Bebalam in preserving Nyanyian Panjang as Malay cultural heritage in Pelalawan Regency, Riau. Nyanyian Panjang is a traditional Malay oral art form containing historical, philosophical, and moral values that faces extinction due to globalization and lack of intergenerational transmission. This qualitative study employed a case study approach with data collected through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. The findings reveal that Sanggar Seni Bebalam implements four integrated preservation strategies: (1) structured intergenerational learning through master-apprentice programs, (2) systematic digital documentation and archiving, (3) strategic collaboration with customary institutions and educational organizations, and (4) adaptive performance innovations for contemporary contexts. These community-based approaches have effectively increased youth participation and strengthened local cultural identity while maintaining the authenticity of the tradition.
The Intellectual Trajectory Of O.K. Nizami Jamil In Riau Malay Cultural Literature
This study aims to describe and analyze the intellectual trajectory of O.K. Nizami Jamil in Riau Malay cultural literature and his contribution to strengthening cultural identity in Pekanbaru City. The research employs a descriptive-analytical method with a qualitative approach through biographical study and narrative analysis. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, documentation, and literature review, with informants selected using the snowball sampling technique. Data analysis was conducted using content analysis through stages of data reduction, classification, interpretation, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that O.K. Nizami Jamil’s socio-cultural background, rooted in a strong Malay environment, shaped his intellectual orientation toward cultural preservation. His works function not only as documentation of history and customs but also as a medium for transmitting cultural values and strengthening the collective identity of the Riau Malay community. Furthermore, his role as a cultural figure and public intellectual positions him as a role model in society. This study highlights that local intellectuals play a strategic role in the production of cultural knowledge and the preservation of local wisdom in the face of globalization.
Analysis Of The Critical Discourse Of The Mata Najwa Program "Gubernur Aceh Bicara" On Najwa Shihab's Youtube Channel
This study aims to analyze the construction of leadership discourse in handling the 2025 Sumatra flood disaster as presented in the Mata Najwa program episode “Gubernur Aceh Bicara” (Aceh Governor Speaks) on Najwa Shihab's YouTube channel. The flood that hit Aceh was not only an ecological crisis but also a space for public communication that showed how the government explained the disaster conditions, responded to criticism, and built leadership legitimacy in front of the public. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with Teun A. van Dijk's critical discourse analysis method, which emphasizes the relationship between text structure, social cognition, and social context. The research data comes from the dialogue between Najwa Shihab and the Governor of Aceh in the program, which was analyzed using content analysis techniques to identify themes, language choices, and communication strategies that emerged in the conversation. The results show that leadership discourse is constructed through several main patterns, namely the representation of the disaster as a major crisis, the emphasis on the humanitarian impact, the narrative of regional recovery, the explanation of obstacles to aid distribution, and the communication of the needs of the affected communities. The use of diction such as “second tsunami,” descriptions of the victims' conditions, and explanations of infrastructure damage served to reinforce the public's perception of the scale of the crisis. The structure of the dialogue also showed a shift in the narrative from a discussion of the impact of the disaster to an affirmation of the government's performance in the recovery process. From a social cognition perspective, this discourse shapes the understanding that local governments are actively trying to deal with the crisis. In a social context, digital media becomes a space for regional heads to build their leadership image and political legitimacy through disaster communication. The findings of this study show that political talk shows in digital media serve as an arena for the production of discourse that influences public perception of disasters and government leadership.
Strategies For Developing Msme Businesses In An Effort To Improve Purchase Decisions In Mampang Village
This study aims to determine whether the Strategy for Developing MSME Businesses in an Effort to Increase Purchasing Decisions in Mampang Village. The number of samples was 119 respondents, namely employees of PDAM Tirta Bina Labuhanbatu. This study uses validity tests, reliability tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression tests, t tests, F tests, and coefficients of determination using SPSS 27. The study was conducted to examine how independent variables influence dependent variables and the percentage level of influence of research variables by distributing research questionnaires to respondents and conducting tests. The results showed that all independent variables influenced the dependent variable with all calculated t values ​​> t table and significant values ​​<0.05 with an R Square level of 0.937 or 93.07%. This means that the results of the structural model test obtained an R-Square value in the high category.
Balancing Economic Growth: Green Economy, Foreign Investment, Urban Sprawl, And Human Resources Dynamics
This study aims to answer the influence of the green economy, foreign investment, and urban sprawl on the economic growth of the special region of Yogyakarta by using human resources as a moderating variable. This study uses a quantitative method with statistical procedures, the data used is secondary data obtained from systematic recording results in the form of annual data from 1992-2021. The method used in data collection is documentation, namely searching for data in the form of records, transcripts, newspapers and so on, data analysis methods used include descriptive statistical analysis of classical assumption tests, hypothesis testing including moderated regression analysis, partial significance test, simultaneous testing, and analysis of the coefficient of determination. The results of this research show that the green economy has a significant effect on economic growth with a probability value of 0.003 < 0.05, foreign investment has a significant effect on economic growth with a probability value of 0.002 < 0.05, urban sprawl has a significant effect on economic growth with a probability value of 0.000 < 0.05. However, resources are able to moderate the green economy, foreign investment and urban sprawl on the economic growth of the special region of Yogyakarta.
Green Human Resource Management In Green Hospital Implementation: A Systematic Literature Review On Impacts, Supporting Factors, And Barriers In Hospitals
Growing environmental pressures have compelled hospitals to transition toward the green hospital concept, yet human resources remain an underexplored determinant, positioning Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) as a strategic approach to embedding environmental values across all HRM functions. This study aims to analyze the impact of GHRM on green hospital implementation, identify facilitating factors, and map the barriers faced by hospitals in adopting GHRM practices. Employing a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) design guided by PRISMA, data were collected from four databases—ScienceDirect, ProQuest, Scopus, and Google Scholar—yielding 2,959 records, of which 16 studies met the inclusion criteria and were further analyzed using VOSviewer for bibliometric mapping. The results indicate that GHRM positively influences sustainable performance, corporate sustainability, and employee pro-environmental behavior, with green training showing the strongest effect on organizational reputation. Additionally, transformational leadership and organizational policy emerged as the main facilitating factors, while financial constraints and limited managerial knowledge were identified as the primary barriers. In conclusion, the integrated implementation of GHRM, supported by strong organizational and governmental policies, can significantly accelerate the realization of sustainable green hospitals.
Digital Governance in the Implementation of (Bandung Integrated Manpower Management Application) at the Bandung City Manpower Office
The digital transformation of public governance has become a strategic agenda for local governments in responding to labor market complexity and the growing demand for more integrated public services. In the City of Bandung, this agenda is implemented through the Bandung Integrated Manpower Management Application (BIMMA), developed by the Manpower Office as an employment service platform. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of digital governance in the implementation of BIMMA, examine the alignment between organizational dynamics, external labor market demands, and digital governance practices, and assess the implications of this alignment for the effectiveness of municipal-level employment services. This study employs a qualitative exploratory approach through digital observation, policy document analysis, and a literature review, using Welchman’s (2015) digital governance framework as the analytical lens. The findings reveal a gap between theoretical expectations and practical implementation. Existing literature emphasizes the importance of data integration, algorithm-based analytics, and the government-as-a-platform approach in digital employment services. Empirically, however, BIMMA continues to function primarily as an information repository, characterized by fragmented data flows, limited analytical capacity, and weak inter-unit coordination. These findings indicate that the main constraints lie not in technological capacity, but in governance design, bureaucratic organizational culture, and the underutilization of data in decision-making processes. This study concludes that the effectiveness of digital employment services requires governance reform.
The Spiritual And Social Meaning Of The Bantan-Bantanan Tradition In The Village Community Of Negeri Agung
This study aims to examine the "Spiritual and Social Meaning of the Bantan-Bantanan Tradition in the Negeri Agung Village Community.". Spiritually, this tradition is not merely viewed as a routine ritual, but also as a form of offering and communication with the supernatural, which the community believes can bring blessings and safety, as well as ward off disaster. Through in-depth analysis, it was discovered that bantan-bantanan reflects cosmic balance and the harmonious relationship between humans and their surroundings. Furthermore, socially, this tradition plays a crucial role in strengthening kinship ties and solidarity among residents. The preparation and implementation of bantan-bantanan often involve all members of the community, from young to old, indirectly creating a space for intense social interaction. This serves as an effective medium for maintaining social cohesion and preserving shared values. The results of this study indicate that the bantan-bantanan tradition is not simply a past ritual, but a living tradition rich in meaning, serving as a guardian of spirituality and a pillar of social cohesion for the Negeri Agung Village community.
The Influence Of Bi Rate And Exchange Rate On The Income Of Pt Bank Syariah Indonesia Tbk
The development of Islamic banking is influenced by macroeconomic factors, such as the BI Rate and the exchange rate of the Rupiah, which can impact profit-sharing income. This study aims to analyze the influence of the BI Rate and exchange rate on profit-sharing income at PT Bank Syariah Indonesia Tbk. The research uses a quantitative approach with multiple linear regression analysis based on time series data. The research results show that the coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.308 indicates that both variables can explain 30.8% of the variation in profit-sharing income, while the remaining 69.2% is influenced by other variables outside the study. Partially, the BI Rate has a negative and significant effect on profit-sharing income with a significance value of 0.007 (< 0.05), while the exchange rate has a positive but not significant effect with a significance value of 0.111 (> 0.05). Simultaneously, the BI Rate and the exchange rate have a significant effect with an F-test significance value of 0.000 (< 0.05). Keywords: BI Rate, Exchange Rate, Profit-Sharing Income, PT Bank Syariah Indonesia Tbk
Digital Leadership And Owners’ Entrepreneurial Orientation On The Performance Of Fashion SMEs: The Mediating Role Of Social Commerce Strategies
This study is motivated by the strategic role of fashion SMEs as a pillar of the national economy, which is currently facing the challenges of digitalisation, where their success is highly dependent on managerial capacity and technological adaptation, such as social commerce. The primary objective of this study is to analyse the influence of digital leadership and entrepreneurial orientation of owners on the performance of fashion SMEs, with social commerce strategy as the mediating variable. The research method employed is an explanatory quantitative approach using a cross-sectional design, where data was collected from fashion SME owners in Kebumen Regency via a questionnaire and analysed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM-PLS). The targeted outputs of this study include a final report, research instruments, raw data, and a scientific article ready for publication in a journal or conference proceedings. This research falls within Technology Readiness Level (TRL) 2 to 3, which encompasses the formulation of technological concepts and proof of concept through field data analysis to validate the model of relationships between variables. The research findings indicate that digital leadership and entrepreneurial orientation have a positive and significant influence on social commerce strategies, which in turn are shown to significantly enhance the performance of SMEs. Furthermore, social commerce strategies successfully play a strong mediating role, demonstrating that the digital vision and risk-taking courage of business owners will have a maximum impact on business performance when implemented through appropriate, interactive, and customer-oriented social media strategies.
Design And Development Of Standardised Job Descriptions For Promotion Using The Simple Attribute Rating Technique (Smart) At Pt.Paiho Indonesia
This study aims to design a standardised employee evaluation system to support fair and objective promotion decision-making at PT. Paiho Indonesia. Although performance appraisals are conducted routinely every month using indicators such as discipline, work quality, and leadership, promotion decisions still tend to be subjective as they rely heavily on managerial judgement. To address this, this study applies the Simple Multi-Attribute Rating Technique (SMART) as a decision-making framework that integrates various weighted performance criteria. This study employs a qualitative case study approach, with data collection through performance appraisal documents from the 2022–2024 period, interviews, and focus group discussions with HR personnel and department heads. The research findings identified six key performance criteria: leadership, problem-solving, communication, work quality, discipline, and initiative. The application of the SMART method enables the ranking of employees based on objective scores, thereby reducing bias and enhancing transparency in the promotion process. The research findings indicate that whilst the SMART method is a practical and systematic tool to support job promotions, its implementation requires training and adaptation to existing workflows. This study concludes that the integration of the SMART method into the job promotion system can foster the creation of a meritocratic and accountable human resource management environment, provided there is organisational readiness and commitment from management.
Implementation Of Student Management In Building A Positive Culture Students At Al-Hadi Junior High School In Mojolaban, Sukoharjo
This study aims to describe the implementation of student management in building a positive student culture at Al-Hadi Islamic Junior High School and to identify supporting factors in building a positive student culture. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with research methods through data collection techniques including observation, interviews, and documentation with sources such as the principal, vice principal in charge of student affairs, teachers, and students. Data analysis was carried out through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing, with data validity testing through source and technique triangulation. The results showed that student management was carried out in a planned, consistent, and coordinated manner through the implementation of school rules, continuous guidance by guidance counselors, the security and order team, intra-school student organizations, and all elements of the school. This implementation was able to form a positive culture that included a culture of discipline, religiosity, 5S, and other positive cultures. Factors supporting success in building a positive student culture include the role of the principal, consistent habits, parental support, and cooperation between all school elements that contribute to student guidance and supervision. The inhibiting factors are uncontrolled use of gadgets and support from parents.
The Effect of Psychological Well Being on Work Engagement with Work Ethic as a Mediating Variable
This research is motivated by the low work engagement of teachers in several private elementary schools in Percut Sei Tuan District, which is suspected to be related to psychological well-being and work ethic. The study aims to analyze the influence of psychological well-being on work ethic and work engagement, as well as to test the mediating role of work ethic. The study used a quantitative approach with an explanatory research type. Primary data were obtained through a Likert scale that measures psychological well-being, work ethic, and work engagement in private elementary school teachers, then analyzed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis, path analysis, and the Sobel test. The results showed that psychological well-being significantly influences work ethic and work engagement, and work ethic mediates the relationship. These findings emphasize the importance of psychological well-being in improving teacher professional engagement.
Migration of the Dayak Bahau Tribe from Muyub Aket Village to Tukul Village, West Kutai Regency 1825-2025
The migration of the Dayak Bahau Tribe from Muyub Aket Village to Tukul Village, West Kutai Regency, during the period 1825–2025 is a complex phenomenon involving social, cultural, and economic dynamics. This research aims to reconstruct the history of migration, identify the driving factors, adaptation mechanisms, and socio-cultural impacts that arise. The research method used a qualitative approach, with in-depth interviews, participatory observations, and local historical documentation studies, involving six key informants who had in-depth knowledge about migration. The results show that migration occurs in three waves, influenced by Dutch colonial pressures, environmental conditions, local beliefs, and the need for fertile land. The migration process is carried out collectively through customary meetings, fair land distribution, and gradual settlement development. From a socio-economic perspective, the community maintains traditional livelihoods such as farming, selling rattan, and fishing, while integrating modern jobs such as civil servants, honorary, and mining. The socio-cultural aspect is maintained through the preservation of Hudoq rituals, customary structures, and harmonious relations with immigrant tribes. These findings confirm that Dayak Bahau migration is not just a physical displacement, but also a sustainable process of socio-cultural and economic adaptation, reflecting the resilience and flexibility of indigenous communities in the face of environmental change and modernization. This study contributes to the historiographic literature on migration and cultural sustainability in East Kalimantan.