Legal Protection Against Default of Apartment Sale and Purchase Agreement: (Case Study of PT PROSPECT)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33751/jhss.v10i2.165Keywords:
Legal Protection, Default, Homologation, BankruptcyAbstract
Bankruptcy and the Debt Payment Obligation Suspension (PKPU) process of property developers often cause serious problems for apartment buyers who have fulfilled payment obligations but have not obtained units as agreed. In practice, homologation judgments that ratify peace plans often require consumers to continue paying, even if there has been previous defaults in the form of delays or development failures. This condition creates tension between the binding principle of homologation in bankruptcy law and the contractual rights of consumers based on civil law and consumer protection. Analysis of the provisions of the Civil Code, the Consumer Protection Law, and the Bankruptcy Law and PKPU shows that the developer's default gives birth to the right for the buyer to demand the fulfillment of achievements, cancellation of agreements, or compensation. The principle of exceptio non adimpleti contractus provides legitimacy for the buyer to refuse to continue payment if the developer's obligations have not been met. Empirically, it was found that there was an imbalance in the bargaining position and a lack of legal certainty for consumers in the PKPU mechanism, especially because of their position as concurrent creditors. The developer's legal responsibility is not removed due to bankruptcy, but remains inherent in the form of an obligation to recover losses in accordance with the principles of good faith and contractual fairness. Harmonization between the bankruptcy law regime and consumer protection is an urgent need to ensure substantive justice for property buyers.
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