Realizing Learning Equity In The 21st Century: A Literature Review On The Implementation Of Differentiated Learning In Elementary Schools
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33751/jhss.v10i1.15Keywords:
Learning Equity, 21st Century, Differentiated LearningAbstract
The 21st century demands an education system that is able to guarantee learning fairness for all students. This article presents a literature review on the implementation of differentiated learning in elementary schools as a strategy to realize learning equity in the midst of student diversity. Through the analysis of various scientific sources, it was found that differentiated learning is not only adjusting learning styles and abilities, but also a means of building an inclusive, adaptive, and equitable learning environment. Teachers act as learning architects who design learning experiences according to the individual needs of students so that they can develop 21st century competencies, such as critical thinking, collaboration, communication, and creativity. This study emphasizes that learning equity does not mean providing the same thing, but providing equal opportunities for every child to grow and succeed.References
[1] Alhakiki, R., & Taufina, T. (2020). Penerapan Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi untuk Meningkatkan Keadilan Belajar Siswa Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar Nusantara, 5(2), 112–123. https://doi.org/10.32585/jpdsn.v5i2.1423
[2] Banks, J. A., & Banks, C. A. M. (2020). Multicultural Education: Issues and Perspectives (11th ed.). Wiley.
[3] Darling-Hammond, L., & Cook-Harvey, C. (2021). Educating for a Just Society: Principles of Equity in 21st Century Learning. Teachers College Press.
[4] Hall, T. (2020). Differentiated Instruction in Practice: Strategies for Inclusive Classrooms. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003032158
[5] Heacox, D., & Cash, R. M. (2020). Differentiation for Gifted Learners: Going Beyond the Basics (3rd ed.). Free Spirit Publishing.
[6] Hammond, Z., Jackson, Y., & Richards, B. (2021). Culturally Responsive Teaching and the Brain: Promoting Authentic Engagement and Rigor. Corwin Press.
[7] Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi. (2022). Panduan Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka: Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi dan Profil Pelajar Pancasila. Jakarta: Kemendikbudristek.
[8] Koehler, M. J., & Mishra, P. (2021). Revisiting TPACK: A Framework for Integrating Technology in Education. Educational Technology Research and Development, 69(5), 2125–2143. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-021-10098-y
[9] Means, B., Toyama, Y., Murphy, R., & Bakia, M. (2021). Learning Online: What Research Tells Us About Whether, When and How. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429261900
[10] Meyer, A., Rose, D. H., & Gordon, D. (2020). Universal Design for Learning: Theory and Practice (2nd ed.). CAST Publishing.
[11] Nieto, S., & Bode, P. (2022). Affirming Diversity: The Sociopolitical Context of Multicultural Education (8th ed.). Pearson Education.
[12] OECD. (2021). Education at a Glance 2021: OECD Indicators. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/b35a14e5-en
[13] P21. (2020). Framework for 21st Century Learning: Revisions and Recommendations. Partnership for 21st Century Learning. https://www.battelleforkids.org/networks/p21
[14] Rahmawati, N., & Supriyadi, E. (2023). Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi sebagai Strategi Mewujudkan Keadilan Belajar di Era Merdeka Belajar. Jurnal Inovasi Pembelajaran Dasar, 8(1), 44–58. https://doi.org/10.21009/jipdasar.081.04
[15] Sahlberg, P. (2021). Finnish Lessons 3.0: What Can the World Learn from Educational Change in Finland? Teachers College Press.
[16] Snyder, H. (2020). Literature Review as a Research Method: An Overview and Guidelines. Journal of Business Research, 104, 333–339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.07.039
[17] Subban, P., & Sharma, U. (2022). Understanding the Implementation of Differentiated Instruction in Inclusive Classrooms. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 26(4), 449–465. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2020.174936
[18] Tilaar, H. A. R. (2020). Keadilan Sosial dan Pendidikan di Indonesia: Perspektif Humanistik dan Inklusif. Jakarta: RajaGrafindo Persada.
[19] Tomlinson, C. A. (2021). How to Differentiate Instruction in Academically Diverse Classrooms (4th ed.). ASCD.
[20] Tomlinson, C. A., & Imbeau, M. B. (2020). Leading for Differentiation: Growing Teachers Who Grow Kids. ASCD.
[21] Torraco, R. J. (2020). Writing Integrative Literature Reviews: Using the Past and Present to Explore the Future. Human Resource Development Review, 19(3), 243–249. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534484320947557
[22] UNESCO. (2020). Global Education Monitoring Report 2020: Inclusion and Education – All Means All. UNESCO Publishing. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000373718
